CSBE – Class 12 – Biology – Experiment 12 Experiment No. 12 Aim- To study the effects of temperature on the enzymatic activity of salivary amylase on substrates starch. Materials required- Test tubes‚ beakers‚ pipettes‚ funnels‚ thermometer‚ cotton‚ starch‚ iodine‚ potassium iodide‚ sodium chloride‚ thermocol box‚ buffer solution of pH 6.8 & match box. Principle- Salivary amylase is an amylolytic enzyme found in saliva released from salivary glands. All the enzymes show optimum enzymatic activity
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DEFINITIONS Gametes are mature haploid reproductive cells that unite to form a zygote that develops into a new individual. Gametes are also called sex cells. An egg or ovum is a haploid female reproductive cell or gamete whereas a sperm is a male haploid reproductive cell. A zygote is the initial cell that is formed as a result of the union of a male and a female gamete by means of sexual reproduction. The two haploid cells merge to give rise to a diploid cell which marks the first stage of development.
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Centre Number Candidate Number Name UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education BIOLOGY Paper 3 Extended May/June 2005 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. There are no Additional Materials. 0610/03 READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number‚ candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper. You may use
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carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs. In order to function most efficiently‚ haemoglobin needs to bind to oxygen tightly when the oxygen concentration is high in the lungs and be able to release oxygen rapidly in the relatively low partial pressure in the tissues. I will be comparing the structure and function of haemoglobin with the structure and function of collagen‚ which is a structural protein. Collagen’s functions are quite different from those of globular proteins such as enzymes;
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How Primary Structure Determines Protein Function Proteins are everywhere. As enzymes‚ they catalyse chemical reactions. There are many different types of proteins: carrier and channel proteins which transport substances‚ receptor proteins which are recognition site for antibodies and hormones‚ structural proteins which support cells and tissues‚ and hormones which transmit information. Proteins are big molecules with large molecular masses that are made up of many amino acids; they’re‚ essentially
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Bio Review – Cells Cell Theory 2.1.1 * All living things are made of cells * Smallest unit of life * Existing cells from pre-existing cells * Contain a blueprint for growth‚ development‚ behavior * Site of all chemical rxns 2.1.2 * Abiogenesis * Living from non-living matter * Robert hook * Compound microscope + observed cork “cells” * Anthony van Leeuwenhoek * Observed blood cells and other “living” cells * Louis Pasteur * Proved
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Structure and Function of the Human Digestive System By Caitlin Ong Organs of the Digestive System Mouth Structure: The mouth consists of the upper and lower jaw‚ that contain gums which hold teeth‚ the roof of the mouth is the palate and the tongue occupies the floor of the mouth. The salivary glands have ducts that open in the mouth. Function: The mouth is where the first step of digestion begins. Known as mechanical digestion‚ this involves chewing with your teeth to break the food
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How the structure of proteins are related to their functions Rachel Morris The basic building blocks of proteins are amino acids‚ the biuret reaction tests for protein. A solution of sodium hydroxide is added to a sample then a few drops of copper sulphate solution‚ if positive – the solution will turn mauve. There are 20 different amino acids and they can be joined in any order. Therefore there can be many different functions. A protein consists of one or more polypeptide chains (a polypeptide
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phloem transports oxygen as oxygen gets to a plants cell by diffusion. Both stems and roots contain xylem vessels and phloem tubes. In a stem these are grouped into vascular bundles arranged in a ring. In a root these are arranged in the centre forming a structure called the stele. Xylem tissue has the dual functions of support and transport. It contains several different types of cells these are vessel elements‚ traceids‚ fibres and parenchyma cells. In contrast to this phloem tissue is living and
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I. Describe the structure and function of the nucleus and mitochondria. The mitochondria is a semi-autonomous organelle which reproduces by bynary fission and has its own DNA. Its main function is to produce the energy intermediate ATP‚ through ATP synthase. Mitochondria could be considered a cell inside a cell. It has its own membranes (inner and outer membranes)‚ its ribosomes (to produce the proteins encoded in its DNA)‚ a matrix -- where aerobic respiration occurs. The invaginations of the inner
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