1. Define genotype and phenotype‚ and describe how they are related. Genotype is the genetic make-up‚ the inheritable information‚ which comprises an individual organism. It is the code that is copied in reproduction and is passed from 1 generation to the next. It serves as the main guide in the growth‚ development and maintenance of a living organism; it also controls the formation of certain proteins and regulation of metabolism and synthesis. Alleles are alternative forms of a gene and genotype
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in media‚ and letting them cross breed‚ we analyzed and recorded the phenotypes that were observed. The P1 flies were anesthetized then sexed by observing their phenotypes and equally distributed into the media we made for their copulation. When a sufficient amount of progeny was present in the culture bottle the P1 generation was killed. After the progeny developed in the F1generation of the sex-linked cross the phenotypes were observed and recorded. After the F1 generation of the monohybrid
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blocks or letters. 2. How does an organism’s genotype determine its phenotype? The distinction between phenotype and genotype is fundamental to the understanding of heredity and development of organism. The genotype of an organism is the class to which that organism belongs as determined by the description of the actual physical material made up of DNA that was passed to the organisms by its parents at the organism’s conception. The phenotype of an organism is the class to which that organism
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purple flowers one must have both C and P alleles present. Explanation: In genetics‚ epistasis is a phenomenon in which the expression of one gene depends on the presence of one or more "modifier genes." A gene whose phenotype is expressed is called epistatic‚ while one whose phenotype is altered or suppressed is calledhypostatic. Epistasis can be contrasted with dominance‚ which is an interaction between alleles at the same gene locus. Epistasis is often studied in relation to Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL)
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This operation expresses our phenotype and affects our genotype. 2. How does an organism’s genotype determine its phenotype? The separation between phenotype and genotype is the knowledge and understanding of an organisms development and heredity. When we talk about the genotype of an organism‚ it just means the class to which that organism belongs. This is mainly determined by the material that is passed on to the organisms from its parents. The phenotype is the process of determining
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the ratios of the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in the F1 generation. Answer: Genotypes: FF ¼‚ Ff ½‚ ff ¼ Phenotypes: Freckles ¾‚ No freckles ¼ Part 2: Dihybrid Cross—Predicting Flower Color and Seed Shape Imagine that you are crossing two plants that are heterozygous for flower color and seed shape. The dominant and recessive alleles for these traits are as follows: purple flowers: P white flowers: p round seeds: R wrinkled seeds: r (2 points) 1. Determine the genotype of each parent
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Theoretical genetics 4.3.1 Define genotype‚ phenotype‚ dominant allele‚ recessive allele‚ co-dominant alleles‚ locus‚ homozygous‚ heterozygous‚ carrier and test cross * Genotype- the alleles of an organism * Phenotype- the characteristics of an organism * Dominant allele- an allele that has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is present in the homozygous or heterozygous state * Recessive allele- an allele that only has an effect on the phenotype when present in the homozygous
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fruit 3 - foul-smelling‚ shrunken fruit‚ short height 1 - normal phenotype Determine the genetic map for these traits‚ showing map distances. 2. Given the following three genes: Q -10 mu - P -30 mu - S You cross a homozygous dominant individual with a homozygous recessive individual‚ and obtain an F1 generation. You then cross an F1 individual in a testcross. What will the F2 progeny genotypes be? In total of 2000 progeny‚ how many offspring will be present in each
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phenotypic ratio. What are the genotypes of the parents? 3:1. (heterozygous parents) 2- According to Mendel’s law of segregation‚ parents who both have the genotype Aa would produce what gametes? A germ cell Aa undergoes meiosis 3-What is the genotype of a plant that produces green peas? Yellow peas are dominant. Yy or yy when crossed with a heterozygote (Yy) will give some offspring that are green 4- To determine whether an animal with the dominant phenotype is heterozygous or homozygous‚ it
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CyCg x CyCg. A chromosome for these plants has two sets of genes. The gene at one locus has two alleles that code for normal chlorophyll production. Dominant allele represented as G produce the green phenotype. The mutant allele‚ g‚ produces no chlorophyll producing an albino phenotype. Therefore genotypes GG and Gg phenotypically are green. When mutant allele g is homozygous for it‚ gg‚ no chlorophyll is present and the plants phenotypically are albino. Therefore an expected phenotypic ratio would
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