The purpose of this lab was to investigate the bacteriophage (If present in sample collected) by testing the phage on a specific strain of bacteria and to observe its characteristics. This same approach can be used when testing for resistance evolution within bacterial strains. Our hypothesis states that bacteriophage will not be present within our sample from East Lake. With the use of a phage buffer and soft agar‚ it provides an even suspension and growth of cells. This is essential for seeing lysis
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A plasmid can be maintained extrachromosomally__ or integrate into bacterial chromosome. b. In generalized_ transduction‚ all bacterial DNA has equal probability of being packaged into progeny phage c. In _ lysogeny __‚ the phage genome integrates into bacterial genome creating a prophage. d. The F Factor (plasmid)_ contains ~100‚000 base pairs and contains 19 genes that encode for proteins involved in pilus synthesis and other functions e. The
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BMS 424 Chapter 1 DNA‚ RNA‚ Historical Experiments & Structures Frederick Griffith Experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae S. pneumoniae comes in two strains‚ smooth and rough strains S Smooth : Secrete a polysaccharide capsule; Protects bacterium from immune system of hosts; Produce smooth colonies on solid media. R Rough : Unable to form capsule; Produce colonies with a rough appearance. Griffith conducted experiments in 1928 using two strains of S. pneumoniae: type IIIS and type IIR :
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REPLICA PLATING AND INDIRECT SELECTION OF BACTERIAL MUTANTS JOSHUA LEDERBERG AND ESTHER M. LEDERBERG Department of Genetics‚ ’ College of Agriculture‚ University of Wisconsin‚ Madison‚ Wisconsin Received for publication August 31‚ 1951 Elective enrichment is an indispensable technique in bacterial physiology and genetics (van Niel‚ 1949). Specific biotypes are most readily isolated by the establishment of cultural conditions that favor their growth or survival. It has been repeatedly questioned
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1859 Charles Darwin published the "On the Origin of Species"‚ introducing that genetic evolution allowed adaptation over time to produce organisms best suited to the environment 1865 Gregor Mendel investigated "traits" passed from parents to prodigy and coined the terms dominant and recessive traits 1869 Johann Meisher isolated DNA from the nuclei of white blood cells 1875 Charles Darwin introduced "gemmules" as mechanism of inheritance 1902 Walter Sutton created
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strand of RNA from a DNA molecule C) the infection of cells by a phage DNA molecule D) the type of semiconservative replication shown by DNA E) assimilation of external DNA into a cell Topic: Concept 16.1 Skill: Knowledge 4) Avery and his colleagues purified various chemicals from pathogenic bacteria and showed that ________ was (were) the transforming agent. A) DNA B) protein C) lipids D) carbohydrates E) phage Topic: Concept 16.1 Skill: Knowledge 5) Tobacco mosaic virus
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individual phage and can thus be counted to determine the number of phage particles in a sample. The purpose of this lab is to employ a plaque assay method to determine the number of infected phage particles in the given sample. Method & Materials: * (6) BHI plates at 37˚C * (5) tubes of 9.0mL TSB broth * (6) tubes of soft agar in a 50˚C water bath * T4 phage sample tube * 24hr. broth culture of Escherichia coli B * Sterile pipettes and droppers 1) (Phage Serial-Dilution)
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material of a virus called phage T2. The phage‚ which infects E. coli‚ consists of a head‚ sheath‚ tail‚ and base plate made of different proteins. DNA is packaged within the head of the virus. When T2 comes in contact with E. coli‚ the phage attaches to the bacterium by its tail. Next‚ the phage injects genetic material into the cell. The genetic material directs bacterial enzymes to produce viral offspring. When the life cycle is complete‚ 100 to 200 progeny phages have been assembled inside
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field of medicine. There are many articles that support bacteriophages and other articles that believe antibiotics are a better solution to get rid of bacteria. This essay will cover the pros and cons of bacteriophages possibly replacing antibiotics. Phage Therapy are special treatment/medicine that involves a unique virus called Bacteriophages which will attack bacteria cells through the lytic cycle to obstruct their repeating bacterial growth. Bacteriophages are shaped of a capsid with a head-tail
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synthesis of the host’s DNA‚ RNA and proteins ceases. The phage genome is then used to direct the synthesis of phage nucleic acids and proteins using the host’s transcriptional and translational apparatus. Bacteriophages were discovered independently by Frederick W. Twort in Great Britain (1915) and Félix d’Hérelle in France (1917). The first phages studied were those designated type 1 to type 7. The Teven phages‚ T2‚ T4‚ and T6‚ were used as model systems for the
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