Andreas Petzold‚ the term “‘Romanesque’‚” meaning in the manner of the Romans‚ was first coined in the early 19th century. Today it is used to refer to the period of European art” (Antiquity 1). The church architecture is fundamental to this period; “the Romanesque and Gothic churches were built on the foundations of Carolingian architecture. Charlemagne’s early Romanesque architectural achievements were continued by the Holy Roman Emperors Otto I-III‚ in a style known as Ottonian Art‚ which morphed
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Chandigarh Master Plan – 2031 Draft 7. COMMERCIAL AREAS IN CHANDIGARH 7.1 INTRODUCTION Commercial areas in Chandigarh were planned to provide adequate‚ organized retail and wholesale trading activity for the city residents. The city has however emerged as a important commercial hub. A concept of hierarchical distribution of commercial centers was introduced into the city plan as a departure from the organic developments of the traditional towns. To provide a continuum of commercial
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Tabitha Crosby Dr. Maineville Hum1020 10/07 /2012 Romanesque Architecture and Gothic Architecture Throughout history it’s simple to understand how so many were inspired to create masterpieces we see and love today. Many years ago beauty was shaped in almost every feature‚ sculpture‚ and building. One of the most memorable of these iconic creations can be seen in Romanesque and Gothic architecture; however even though they are both similar they also have many differences. These themes were
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Greek name: Hephaestus Roman Name: Vulcan (also known as Mulciber) He is the son of Hera‚ who created him in retaliation when she found out that Zeus had created Athena without her and viciously made herself pregnant asexually. He is the god of fire‚ metallurgy‚ stonemasonry and the art of sculpture; he was also worshiped as the God of technology‚ artisans‚ and sculptors. He is the blacksmith of the Olympian Gods. Appearance: His is the only God considered ugly‚ according to the standards of
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Academic Reading sample task – Identifying writer’s views/claims Discovered in the early 1800s and named ‘nicotianine’‚ the oily essence now called nicotine is the main active ingredient of tobacco. Nicotine‚ however‚ is only a small component of cigarette smoke‚ which contains more than 4‚700 chemical compounds‚ including 43 cancer-causing substances. In recent times‚ scientific research has been providing evidence that years of cigarette smoking vastly increases the risk of developing fatal medical
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American Art and Architecture Two opposite forces have coexisted in American art since the establishment of the first colonies. On the one hand‚ American artists have been aware of their European cultural heritage and of continuing innovation in Europe; on the other hand‚ they have had to adapt European forms to the exigencies of their native situation. This interaction between rival forces is hardly unique to American art--all art grows within a tradition--but what distinguishes the American
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The Evolution of Architecture due to several analyzed themes (Gothic architecture and Modern architecture) Abstract This paper contains a comparative analysis of the evolution of architecture in relation to Gothic revival and Modern Architecture. In this comparative analysis the similarities and differences of each style are highlighted and discussed. It further discusses and illustrates the elements which are unique to each style. The buildings which are the subject of this analysis includes:
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Drafting By: Madison Stewart Drafting is the drawing up of blueprints for architectural structures‚ and mechanical engineering tools and objects. There are two sides to drafting‚ the mechanical side and the architectural side. It’s a great career that is fun‚ and easy to do. Architectural drafting has to deal with drawing up the blueprints for homes‚ schools‚ churches‚ and any other architectural structure you can think of. It’s very easy to come up with these blueprints. You can either draw
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focus: the unification of traditional temple form and the new domed space‚ the technical development of concrete constructions‚ and the tendency to obscure construction and structural elements. This paper discusses the Pantheon by analyzing the architecture from various aspects such as its three distinctive spaces and the experience they brings‚ the lighting of the interior‚ innovation such as coffering‚ the skillful use of concrete‚ and the Roman’s attempt to conceal the construction. Furthermore
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Medieval Architecture World Geography 101 December 1‚ 2010 The Middle Ages‚ also known as the Medieval era‚ though scarred with a history of violence and war‚ has given the world some of the most marvelous and beautiful pieces of art‚ particularly in architecture. The Middle Ages is the name given to the time period from the late 5th century to the 15th century‚ particular to European history. The construction of these types of buildings was a constant for various cultures for a thousand
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