Haemoflagelates are parasitic flagellate protozoan that lives in the bloodstream‚ human tissue and other vertibrates and insects. Haemoflagelates have two genera in family Trypanosomatidae; Trypanosoma and Leishmania. The protozoan have nucleus‚ kinetoplast and flagella. Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease spread by the bite of infected sand flies. There are several different forms of leishmaniasis. The most common are cutaneous and visceral. The cutaneous type causes skin sores. The visceral
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Jess Fritsche Leptospira interrogans; Leishmania donovani; Legionella pneumophila Leptospira interrogans are flexible‚ gram-negative spirochetes (spiral or cork-screw bacteria) with internal flagella that they use to propel themselves by twisting back and forth 1. “They are motile‚ with hooked ends and paired axial flagella (one on each end)‚ enabling them to burrow into tissue. Motion is marked by continual spinning on the long axis” 2. Leptospira cells are encased in a three to five layer
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2 genera important in human disease: Trypanosoma Leishmania transmitted by arthropod vectors and have animal hosts that serve as reservoirs. Amastigote stage spherical‚ 2–5 μm in dm and displays a nucleus and kinetoplast. no external flagellum‚ although an axoneme (the intracellular portion of the flagellum) is apparent at the ultrastructural level. may be found in human or animal hosts infected with either T. cruzi or Leishmania spp.‚ where they multiply exclusively within cells
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common name for this deadly disease is Leishmaniasis. Approximately 350 million individuals in 88 countries; including Afghanistan‚ Syria‚ Saudi Arabia‚ Peru‚ Iran‚ Brazil and parts of China‚ are at great risk of contracting Dum Dum Fever. Leishmania is a genus of Trypanosomatid protozoa‚ the parasite responsible for the disease Leishmaniasis. Protozoa are single-celled and considered to be the simplest of all organisms in the animal kingdom. The types of blood-sucking protozoa which cause the
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disease Leishmaniasis is caused by parasitic protozoa belonging to the taxonomic genus leishmania that is transported by the female sand fly. Sand flies in of them self do not contain this parasitic protozoa‚ they must be infected by a contaminated host‚ the sand fly is only the vector. When a sand fly “bites” an infected host to feed‚ such as rodents‚ the sand fly will be infected by the taxonomic genus leishmania as they feed on the infected host. As this single cell protozoa is ingested and subsequently
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Preparation of SKEO The extraction of S. khuzistanica was performed by hydro distillation and clevenger apparatus for 5 hours. Once extraction was completed‚ the resulted essential oil was dehydrated using sodium sulfate (Merck). The essential oil was stored at temperature of 4ºC until using (12). In order to provide different concentrations of the extract‚ Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of essential oil Isolation and measurement of the sample
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Druckfreigabe/approval for printing Without corrections/ ohne Korrekturen After corrections/ nach Ausfçhrung der Korrekturen ` j89 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Q1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 ` Date/Datum: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Signature/Zeichen: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Nonantibiotics – An Alternative for Microbial Resistance: Scope and
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The Cause of the Mass Extinction in the Late Cretaceous Period Dinosaurs first appeared around 245 million years ago‚ and they lived for 180 million years. Then suddenly‚ 65 million years ago they went extinct. Not only did all the dinosaurs die out‚ but also up "to 75% of all marine genera were lost" ("mass extinction"). This leaves scientists wondering about what could have led to this mass extinction in the Cretaceous Period. They have collected evidence from fossils and earth’s geography‚ to
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Choose the one best response to questions as follow: • The miracidial hatching test helps to demonstrate the viability of: B • eggs of Taenia species. • eggs of Schistosoma species. • eggs of hookworm species. • eggs of Opisthorchis. • After India ink injection‚ the gravid proglottids of which cestode contain seven to thirteen branches on each side? B • Taenia saginata • Taenia solium • Diphyllobothrium latum • Dipylidium caninum • A parasitic infection that may be diagnosed by the examination
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important food source for microinvertebrates. Thus‚ the ecological role of protozoa in the transfer of bacterial and algal production to successive trophic levels is important. Protozoa such as the malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.)‚ trypanosomes and leishmania are also important as parasites and symbionts of multicellular animals. Some protozoa have life stages alternating between proliferative stages (e.g. trophozoites) and dormant cysts. As
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