Inductive and Deductive Reasoning A valid argument is made to address a specific problem by offering a position and proving reasons to support that position. A valid argument is based on two key components‚ one or more premise and conclusion. A premise is fact and/or opinion and must be proven to be true or false. And a conclusion is the final statement of the position one is taking on an issue or question. In deductive reasoning‚ if the fact is true the conclusion must be true because the conclusion
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and theories are established are generated in different ways. Knowledge is constantly being produced‚ based on assumptions or reasoning. One might see a story in the news of a shark in Southern California that attacks a surfer. A new acquired knowledge or hypothesis may arise that all Southern California sharks attack people. Is generating such a hypothesis a valid reasoning? Or if we flip it -- one could deduct from the generalized fact that if all apples are fruit and all fruits grow on trees‚ then
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oral complexity in the making and keeping of promises The making of a promise involves the voluntary giving of one’s word that‚ if and when a particular circumstance or situation comes about‚ one will undertake to act in a manner defined by the terms of the promise one has given. The act of making the promise‚ in other words‚ implies a willingness to keep it. What is being agreed is that‚ on the basis of something said in the past‚ one’s future actions will‚ insofar as the future is foreseeable
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in the cold because we feel sympathy. We sometimes slam the door when we are angry. Sometimes‚ we have no control over our emotions. However‚ emotions may go as far as to reason with our minds‚ validating/disproving claims irrationally. Emotional reasoning fallacy is the error of letting our emotions to dictate our logical thinking and validation capabilities. We refuse to accept facts and evidence because they cause emotional distress to ourselves. A great example would be charity statistics. The
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Why Be Moral Bobby Tucker Grand Canyon University: PHI-305 October 5‚ 2014 Why Be Moral Plato’s idea of justice is along the thought of morality‚ or righteousness while Thrasymachus thoughts were that justice meant superiority. This essay will discuss the two views of justice as well as give purpose to the question of “why be moral?” Before answering the question‚ one must compare the two views of the scholars to get both sides. There could be several reasons for living by a moral code‚ this
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What is moral obligation? What is the extent of our moral obligation to other people and other living things? By definition moral obligation is the belief that an act is one prescribed by a persons set of values (Wikipedia‚ 2005). It is also a duty‚ which one owes‚ and which one ought to perform‚ but is not legally bound to fulfill. David Hume ’s moral theory hinges on a distinction between psychologically distinct players: the moral agent‚ the receiver‚ and the moral spectator. All actions
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Discuss theories of moral development Piaget researched into the moral development of children and found that until about 5 years old children are amoral. They cannot make moral judgements or understand rules. However‚ most children under 5 years old know when they are doing something wrong; therefore it could be argued that they aren’t amoral. To understand rules children use equal-status contact with peers to understand others perspectives and begin to develop morally. Piaget used pairs of vignettes
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Deductive vs Inductive Reasoning/Writing Deductive Reasoning This is what you were taught by Mrs. Brown in your high school English class. You probably were asked to do this quite a bit in your history and civics classes as well. In most cases‚ you were taught to come up with a point that you intend to make‚ and to put it into one sentence called the thesis statement. You would then come up with three more sentences that would support your thesis statement with three specific points. With these
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Clinical reasoning Clinical reasoning involves nurses learning and practical experience to play. Any errors or misjudgement can lead to various adverse conditions (Levett-jones et al‚ 2010). Identification of patient problems‚ understanding his situation‚ collecting information and cues followed by processing the information and identifying the key problems‚ establishing goals‚ taking action‚ evaluation of outcomes‚ and reflection is what forms the clinical reasoning cycle. All these areas should
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In his Stages of Moral Development‚ Lawrence Kohlberg states that human beings progress from a Preconventional Level of moral development (in which they refer to rules imposed by others) to a Postconventional Level of moral development (in which they refer to rules imposed from within themselves). Just as Kohlberg states‚ adolescents undergo moral growth in stages. They may be easily influenced by peers or by environmental cues‚ but most teens grow to assert impressive measures of responsibility
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