Chemical Bonds Chemical Bond: is the force that holds atoms together in a compound. They form because they lower the potential energy of the charged particles that compose atoms. Chemical bonds can be broadly classified into two types: Ionic and Covalent. Ionic: metal & nonmetal Metals have a tendency to lose electrons and nonmetals have a tendency to gain them. The metal atom becomes a cation and a nonmetal becomes an anion. The oppositely charged ions attract one another and form an ionic
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The Oklahoma City bombing was a terrorist bomb attack on the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in downtown Oklahoma City on April 19‚ 1995. It would remain the most destructive act of terrorism on American soil until the September 11‚ 2001 attacks. The Oklahoma blast claimed 168 lives‚ including 19 children under the age of 6‚[1] and injured more than 680 people.[2] The blast destroyed or damaged 324 buildings within a sixteen-block radius‚ destroyed or burned 86 cars‚ and shattered glass in 258 nearby
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Calcium chloride and water displayed through the calculations on page sixty-two that the reaction produced a negative heat value for the reaction which means that it gave off heat. A reaction that give off heat such as this one is exothermic. The ammonium nitrate and water generated a positive heat value for the reaction‚ meaning that the reaction absorbed heat and is classified as an endothermic reaction. Sources of error that may have occurred during this portion of the experiment would be the mixing
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Acid Base And Salt Acid Acids:- The word ‘Acid’ came from Latin word ‘Acidus or Acere’ which means sour. Sour taste is the most common characteristic of acid. Acid turns blue litmus paper red. There are many substances which contain acid and hence taste sour‚ such as curd‚ tamarind‚ lemon‚ etc. Types of Acids:- Acids are divided into two types on the basis of their occurrence – Natural acids and Mineral acids. Natural Acid:- Acids which are obtained from natural sources are called natural
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With the possible diversion of the Mississippi on the line‚ man’s effort to resist the diversion is becoming one of the greatest river engineering problems ever encountered. There is evidence that does indeed support the theory that the Mississippi river is being captured by the Atchafalaya River and the evidence is available and very bountiful. The data on the deterioration and the loss of the capacity of the flow of the Mississippi below the old river and the increased capacity of the Atchafalaya
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is an important chemical for fertilizer industry. About 85% of ammonia production is used for nitrogen fertilizers [1]. Urea alone consumes 40% of the total ammonia production. Other fertilizers that are made from ammonia are ammonium nitrate‚ ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate. Non-fertilizer applications include the production of aminies‚ nitriles (e.g. acrylonitile) and organic nitrogen compounds. Saudi Arabia has ample reserves of natural gas. It is proposed to manufacture ammonia from
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silver from synthetic photographic and spent fix solutions on granulated activated carbon in a batch process has been investigated. The synthetic solutions prepared had similar properties to medical X-ray and photographic process effluents. Sodium and ammonium thiosulfates are the major lixiviants used in the dissolution of silver halides present in photographic and medical X-ray films. The resultant solutions contain substantial amounts of recoverable silver complexes in the form of thiosulfates. The as
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is based on copper‚ to synthesize some copper compound using Copper (II) nitrate solution to obtain copper metal at the end. Changes of copper complexes when various are added and filtering out the precipitate by using Buchner funnel for vacuum filtration .The experiment started with preparation of copper (II) hydroxide and addition of copper oxide then addition of droplets of chloride complex. Then the addition of ammonium complex and the preparation of copper metal. And the vacuum filtration takes
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Binary Compounds w/ Fixed Charge Given The Formula‚ Write The Name Binary Compounds w/ Fixed Charge Given The Name‚ Write The Formula Binary Compounds w/ Variable Charge: Stock System Given The Name‚ Write The Formula Binary Compounds w/ Variable Charge: Stock System Given The Formula‚ Write TheName 1) MgO 2) LiBr 3) Ca3N2 4) Al2S3 5) KI 6) SrCl2 7) Na2S 8) RaBr2 9) MgS 10) AlN 11) Cs2S 12) KCl 13) Sr3P2 14) BaI2 15) NaF 16) CaBr2 17) BeO 18) SrS 19) BF3 20) AlP 21) Rb2O 22) CaI2
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ending in -ide. OH− hydroxide ion CN− cyanide ion Polyatomic cations formed from nonmetal atoms have names ending in -ium. NH4+ ammonium ion H3O+ hydronium ion Polyatomic anions containing oxygen (oxyanions) have names ending in -ate or -ite. The ending -ate is used for the most common oxyanion of an element. NO3− nitrate ion SO4−2 sulfate ion The ending -ite is used for an oxyanion that has the same charge but one less oxygen atom. NO2− nitrite ion
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