some of the methods adopted in practice by the manufactures’. The methods fall under two broad categories a) Market value basis and b) Physical measurement basis. The market value basis adopts the accepted cost concept of what the product can bear while the physical measurement basis is based on physical measures as weight‚ volume etc. Literature survey has highlighted certain other methods as techno commercial factor evaluation basis and input based cost driver basis. Robert Kaplan and Antony
Premium Costs Marginal cost Cost
1) When will profits reported under variable and absorption costing differ? How can we reconcile the profits reported under the two approaches? Profits reported under variable and absorption costing will differ when inventory increases or decreases during the year. The difference involves the timing with which fixed manufacturing overhead becomes an expense. Under variable costing‚ fixed overhead is expensed immediately as it is incurred. Under absorption costing‚ fixed overhead is inventoried
Premium Variable cost Costs Economics
Backflush Costing Backflush costing is a traditional and standard costing systems track costs as products pass from raw materials‚ to work in progress‚ to finished goods‚ and finally to sales. Such systems are called ’sequential tracking systems’ because the accounting system entries occur in the same order as purchases and production. Sequential tracking is common where management desires to track direct material and labor time to individual operations and products. Backflush costing is a method
Premium Inventory Cost accounting
Roman ownership was‚ broadly speaking‚ unrestricted. This assignment will consider Birks’ statement regarding the absoluteness of Roman ownership. Roman ownership‚ relating to the Roman law of things‚ will be discussed‚ as well as‚ the different factors limiting Roman ownership‚ and restrictions placed on Roman owners‚ to determine whether Roman ownership was as absolute as it would seem or whether it was confined with interred restrictions. 2 The scope of Roman ownership Ownership in both
Premium
precipitates caused by different limiting reactants. A precipitate results in a solid formed by an ionic compound. Calcium nitrate and copper sulfate will be added to separate beakers with approximately half of the solutions from the Büchner funnel system of each trial to test for the formation of precipitates. The limiting reactant is the reactant that will run out first in the chemical reaction. It is important to recognize which chemical or compound is the limiting reactant because the reactant in
Premium Sodium chloride Stoichiometry Reagent
1 AN OVERVIEW OF TARGET COSTING Introduction Many managers often underestimate the power of target costing as a serious competitive tool. When general managers read the word “costing”‚ they naturally assume it is a topic for their finance or accounting staff. They miss the fact that target costing is really a systematic profit and cost management process. What Is Target Costing? CAM-I defines target costing as the maximum amount of cost that can be incurred on a product and still earn the required
Premium Cost Costs Price
Two general approaches are used for costing products for the purpose of valuing inventories and cost of goods sold. One approach is called absorption costing. Absorption costing is generally used for external financial reports. The other approach called variable costing is preferred by some companies for internal decision making and must be used when an income statement is prepared in the contribution format. Ordinarily absorption costing and variable costing produce different figures for net income
Premium Variable cost Marginal cost Revenue
Budgeted Production Cost and Variance Analysis. At the beginning of 2011‚ Jejemon Corporation adopted the following standards: Direct Materials (3 lbs. @ P2.50 / lb) P 7.50 Direct Labor (5 hours @ P7.50 / hr) 37.50 Factory Overhead: Variable (P3.00 per direct labor hour) 15.00 Fixed (P4.00 per direct labor hour) 20.00 Standard Cost per unit P 80.00 Normal volume per month is 40‚000 standard labor hours. Jejemon’s january budget was based on normal volume. During January
Premium Normal distribution Variance Cost accounting
1. *Define scarcity and opportunity cost. What role these two concepts play in the making of business decisions? Scarcity is a Ever-present situation in all markets whereby either less goods are available than the demand for them‚ or only too little money is available to their potential buyers for making the purchase. This universal phenomenon leads to the definition of economics as the "science of allocation of scarce resources." Opportunity cost is the cost of an alternative that must
Premium Economics Costs Microeconomics
Traditional costing versus Activity-based costing Advantages and disadvantages Costing systems are the programs that supply information about the value of direct labor hours and numbers of units produced. With the help of data such as product cost‚ the managers can generate estimation of cost associated with different activity carried in the organization. The costs systems operate by taking total cost as basic for calculation. Costing is essential for every organization‚ as every manufacturing and
Premium Cost Costs Variable cost