allowing the benzpinacolone to dry‚ we found that our percent yield was 71% .Even though the yield was good‚ considering that the photoreduction period took a couple extra days due to lack of sunlight‚ loss of product can be attributed to this since we only could get 2.11g/3.0g of benzpinacol from the start of the lab. And since benzpinacol was the limiting reagent‚ before starting part 2 of the lab this already set us up for some loss in % yield. Also when we transferred our product from the filtration
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determined using the limiting reagent‚ (the substance that runs out first which stops the reaction) and are called the theoretical yield. The theoretical yield is the amount of product that should be acquired during the experiment if all aspects go perfectly. However‚ due to experimental errors‚ very few labs do so. These results are called actual yield. The percent ratio between the theoretical and actual yield is called the percentage yield. It is calculated by taking the actual yield and dividing it
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COE CHEMONE Reviewer for CHEMONE Finals Rules for Counting Significant Figures 1. Nonzero integers. Nonzero integers always count as significant figures. 2. Zeros. There are three classes of zeros: a. Leading zeros are zeros that precede all the nonzero digits. These do not count as significant figures. In the number 0.0025‚ the three zeros simply indicate the position of the decimal point. This number has only two significant figures. Note that the number 1.00 _ 102 above is written in exponential
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Experiment 13B: Isopentyl Acetate (Banana Oil) Semimicroscale Procedure Taylor Levin 5.28.14 Chemistry 352- Organic Chemistry Lab Summer 2014 Purpose: To prepare isopentyl acetate (banana oil)‚ an ester‚ from isopentyl alcohol and acetic acid through the Fischer Esterification reaction. Reactions: acetic acid + isopentyl alcohol isopentyl acetate + water C2H4O2 + C5H120 CH3COOCH2CH2CH(CH3)2 + H20 Procedure: A reflux condenser was assembled
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Synthesis of Butyl Benzoate Using Phase Transfer Catalysis The objective of the experiment is to synthesize the butly benzoate by nucleophilic substitution and characterize it by IR spectroscopy. The percent yield of the final product is determined after the synthesis. Procedures: 2.0 mL of 1-bromobutane‚ 3.0 g of sodium benzoate‚ 5.0 mL of water‚ 4 drops of Aliquat 336‚ and a boiling stone were placed in a 50mL round-bottomed flask. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour and the flask
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1mL Oxidizing Agent Sodium Thiosulfate Na2O3S2 158.0977 NA 1.667 1.0mL Extraction Hydrochloric Acid HCl 36.4609 MP=-114.2‚ BP=-85.1 0.909 0.6mL Acid Agent Limiting Reagent and Theoretical Yield: (0.1g Vanillin/152g/mol) = 6.58 x 10^-4 mol Vanillin  Limiting Reagent (0.117g NaI/150g/mol) = 7.8 x 10^-4 mol NaI Theoretical Yield: (6.58 x 10^-4 mol Vanillin/1)(279g/mol)  0.18g product Procedure: In an Erlenmeyer flask (or beaker)‚ dissolve ~ 0.1 g of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
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Gringard Synthesis detailed procedure and scheme of the apparatus any changes to the original procedure‚ actual masses‚ and obs yield calculations and mp Discussion outline Grignard rxn (what is it used for‚ why important‚ the mechanism) Reaction set up (important details) How can the rxn be activated Second step: rxn of the Grignard reagent with acetophenone‚ quenching with ammonium chloride Isolation of the product‚ identification Possible or actual sources of error Part one of our experiment
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multiplied by the molecular mass of CaC2O4 to find the initial weight of the ions that dissociated which comes to be .335 g of CaC2O4. This mass is then divided by the amount that was in solution which was 0.10 g‚ then multiplied by 100 to give a final percent of dissociation for the CaC2O4 in lemon juice of 335 %. This means that the kidney stones dissolved into 3.35 times the amount of ions than it could possibly‚ suggesting quite large errors in the experiment/procedures
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Experiment 12: Isopentyl Acetate 19 October 2012 Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to prepare isopentyl acetate by direct esterification of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol. After refluxing there is an isolation procedure where excess acetic acid and remaining isopentyl alcohol are easily removed by extraction with sodium bicarbonate and water. The ester is then purified by simple distillation and the IR is then obtained. Techniques and equipment used throughout the experiment
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The limiting reagent it CuCl2 because it is the one that will run out first compared to the .009 moles of Na2Cl3‚ which it the excess reagent because it is a higher amount of moles compared to the .007 moles of the CuCl2. The amount of excess reagent in grams that should remain in solution if the theoretical yield of CuCO3 is produced is: 1 mole of CuCl2 (63.55) +(2*35.45) =134.45 1mole of Na2Cl3 (22.99
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