Chem 17 ▪ General Chemistry Laboratory II Experiment 1 Calorimetry INTRODUCTION Chemical reactions are usually accompanied by the evolution (exothermic reaction) or absorption (endothermic reaction) of heat energy. When measured at constant pressure‚ the heat evolved (qp < 0) or absorbed (qp > 0) is equal to the enthalpy change‚ symbolized by ΔH. ΔH is positive for an endothermic process and negative for an exothermic one. If H f is the enthalpy of the final state and Hi of the initial state
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Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is what happens when a solid substance‚ a metal carbonate is added slowly to a solution of an acid. We are finding methods of determining acid concentration. For us to balance certain equations‚ we will use a stoichiometry. For this experiment‚ we will need to set up the ratio and finding the concentration of HCI. Procedure: • Grab 4 different beakers. • Add a small amount of sodium carbonate onto a weighted beaker. • For each beaker pour 10 mL‚ 15 mL‚ 20 mL‚ and
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LAB REPORT! EXPERIMENT#5‚6! MANPREET KAUR KHAIRA! LAB PARTNER: VIAN RAIES! The purpose of this lab exercise was to perform the bromination of (E)-1‚2-diphenylethene (trans-stilbene) by addition reaction in which bromine was added across the double bond to yield a vicinal dibromide. The next step was to perform a double elimination reaction by product gained to synthesize an alkyne‚ that is‚ 1‚2-diphenylacetylene. The two major techniques used in this lab were TLC analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy
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only): aldehyde ( carboxylic acid |n/a | | | | |reagents: potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in sulphuric acid (H2SO4) | | |conditions: warm under reflux |
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Lab #4 The Synthesis of Organic Polymers CHM2123‚ Section C October 21‚ 2014 Introduction: Organic polymers are macromolecules that are composed of smaller molecules called monomers. There are two main groups of polymers: natural polymers and unnatural (synthetic) polymers. Natural polymers include proteins such as cellulose and starch and are a necessity for our existence. On the other hand‚ synthetic polymers such as the polycarbonate in our lab goggles
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Experiment 1: Isolation of Casein from Milk * pH of milk – 6.6 * milk = 87.1% water‚ 4.9 % CHO 3.9 %‚ fats‚ 0.7% minerals Experiment 2: Protein Hydrolysis and Characterization | Reagents | Principle | Test for | Positive Result | Negative Result | Biuret | CuSO4‚ NaOH | Complexation of Cu+2 with amide N atoms | Polypeptide bonds | Violet/purple solution | Blue color solution | Sakaguchi | 10% NaOH‚ 0.02% α-naphtol solution‚ 2% NaOBr | arginine condenses with α-naphtol and NaOH
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muffins and cakes a lighter‚ airier texture. When heated‚ baking soda decomposes in one of the following unbalanced equations. NaHCO3 (s) H2O (g) + CO2 (g) + Na2O (s) NaHCO3 (s) CO2 (g) + NaOH (s) NaHCO3 (s) H2O (g) + CO2 (g) + Na2CO3 (s) Develop a procedure to determine which reaction occurs. Be sure to include specific quantities‚ times‚ and equipment. Make sure you have a way to assess the precision on the experiment. The % yield of a reaction can be used to determine
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readily detected by an acid-base indicator or that can be followed electrically by use of a pH meter. Neutralization titrations are performed with standard solutions of strong acids or strong bases. A standard solution (or standard titrant) is a reagent of exactly known concentration. Standard solutions play a central role in all volumetric methods of analysis. The ideal standard solution for a volumetric method should - be sufficiently stable so that it will not be necessary to determine its
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a framework for evaluating different chemistries‚ and an ideal to strive for in new reaction chemistry (1‚2‚3). Green Chemistry Principle: Atom Economy Atom economy means maximizing the incorporation of material from the starting materials or reagents into the final product. It is essentially pollution prevention at the molecular level. For example‚ a chemist practicing atom economy would choose to synthesize a needed product by putting together basic building blocks‚ rather than by breaking down
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of one of the ions or anions combined with one of the reagents such as NaCl. It was found that it could be separated out after centrifuging and would result in a sample without the ions or anions if it precipitated. With the data from week one a method of adding the reagents in a certain order would result in the ability to separate all ions or anions out of a solution. Overall‚ knowing how the cations or anions reacted with certain reagents benefited greatly to determine a way to create a separation
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