Water Technology Hardness of Water: Natural waters containing large quantities of dissolved salts of Calcium (Ca) & Magnesium (Mg) is called hard water. It is a characteristic of preventing lather formation of water with soap. Ca2+ & Mg2+ ions react with soaps which are salts of fatty acids (stearic or palmitic acid) to give insoluble scums or precipitates of calcium or magnesium stearate or palmitate. 2C17H35COO- + Ca2+ → (C17H35COO)2 Ca (scum) 2C17H35COO- + Mg2+ → (C17H35COO)2
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less harmless. The uses of the stoichiometry cffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffeeeeer bags are located inside automobiles. The air bag is in front of the passenger seat inside the dashboard. Once the vehicle gets into a crash the air bag pops out. The air bags are filled nitrogen gas. Hazardous sodium metal is also produced with the nitrogen so the potassium nitrate adapts with the sodium to make the hazardous sodium oxide less harmless. The uses of the stoichiometry calculations are to figure out
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Carbohydrate Polymers 39 (1999) 109–117 Compositional features of polysaccharides from Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) plant tissues ´ ´ Antoni Femenia*‚ Emma S. Sanchez‚ Susana Simal‚ Carmen Rossello ´ ´ Enginyeria Quımica‚ Departament de Quımica. Universitat de les Illes Balears‚ Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5‚ 07071 Palma de Mallorca‚ Illes Balears‚ Spain Received 22 September 1998; received in revised form 27 October 1998; accepted 20 November 1998 Abstract A complete chemical characterisation
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Edexcel Level 3 BTEC Nationals in Applied Science (Forensic Science) Unit 01 – Fundamentals of Science Assignment 01-01‚ Volumetric Analysis Date set: Sept 2010 Date due: Oct 2010 This assignment addresses the following Criteria… Unit 1 – Fundamentals of Science Assessment and grading criteria To achieve a pass grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to: To achieve a merit grade the evidence must show that‚ in addition to the pass criteria‚ the learner is able to: To
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would mimic the reduction taking place in this experiment is hydride addition using sodium borohydride‚ NaBH4. Normally an alternative to this oxidizing agent would be lithium aluminum hydride‚ LiAlH4‚ however this reagent would also react with the ester portion of our starting reagent. The effect of reducing the ketone via hydride addition is that product is entirely a racemic mixture (McMurry 696). After the initial reaction the product was isolated using a series of vacuum filtrations‚ ether extractions
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Stoichiometry in the Industry (Mining Industry) Prepared By: Ryan Khan and Michael McDonald Course code: SCH3U1 Teacher: Miss Kedzia Due Date: 22/4/2013 Date Submitted: 22/4/2013 What Is Stoichiometry? Stoichiometry as defined by our textbook is “the study of the quantitative relationships among the amounts of reactants used and the amounts of products formed in a chemical reaction”. Basically‚ Stoichiometry is the science of counting and studying the relationship between the amounts
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Cyclic Voltammetry of Ferricyanide Analytical Lab 1: 2410 L Carrie Spiaser Lab Partners: Rachel Urig‚ Michael Shingleton‚ Michael Cole‚ Samantha Rae‚ & Taylor Woodyard 9/6/16 Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to understand the theory and instruments associated with cyclic voltammetry. In this experiment reducing ferricyanide to ferrocyanide according to the equation1: Fe(CN)63- + e- ↔ Fe(CN)64-. The half-cell potential of the ferri/ferrocyanide raction will be calculated and compared
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Name: Jeff Chudakoff Partners: Alejandra Garcia Date: 2 December 2011 TA: Mengbin Chen Skill Building Exercise #2 Answer the following questions: 1. What does it mean when a polymer is crosslinked? Crosslinked is one manner in which monomers link together. In this method‚ separate polymer chains are connected via bonds between the individual polymer chains. 2. We discussed how polymer linking and structure contribute to its properties. How would you expect the density‚ elasticity
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Polymerase chain reaction The Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a biochemical technology in molecular biology to amplify a single or a few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude‚ generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence. Developed in 1983 by Kary Mullis‚ PCR is now a common and often indispensable technique used in medical and biological research labs for a variety of applications. These include DNA cloning for sequencing‚ DNA-based phylogeny
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Abstract: The objective of the experiment was to prepare Benzilic acid by multistep synthesis starting with benzaldehyde. In this setup however‚ product of the first step‚ Benzoin‚ is provided thereby omitting the first step involving the conversion of benzaldehyde. For this experiment‚ the microscale techniques of reflux‚ crystallization‚ and melting-point determination were used. Utilizing these techniques a product yield of 93% for benzil and 57% for Benzilic acid was obtained‚ as well as
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