The cell membrane is made up of fats‚ proteins‚ lipids‚ and carbohydrates‚ and is a permeable structure. However‚ this permeation is very discerning because it only lets certain things pass through it. The cell membrane has a layer of phospholipids with hydrophobic ends and hydrophilic tops. The “tails” are made out of phosphate‚ while the “heads” are made up of two strings of fatty acids. There are two layers of these phospholipids‚ called the “bilayer”‚ and the tips of each phospholipid are facing
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Final Study Guide-PSIO 36 questions Unit 1 1. Vena cava--right atrium--tricuspid valve--right ventricle--pulmonary valve--pulmonary artery--pulmonary vein--left atrium--bicuspid valve--left ventricle--aortic valve--aorta 2. SA node--AV node--AV bundle--right and left bundle branches--conducting myofibers (purkinje fibers) a. pacemaker cells in SA node spontaneously discharge action potentials at a rate of 100-120+ per minute *AP process: 1. depolarization due to na inflow when voltage gated
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together. The smaller units‚ or “monomers”‚ join together to form polymers. Biochemists sort the macromolecules found in living things into groups based on their chemical composition. The four major macromolecules in all living things are carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ proteins‚ and nucleic acids. Each of these macromolecules has a
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Phospholipids are made up from many smaller molecules combine these are: fatty acid chains‚ glycerol‚ phosphate and choline. Two of the carbons of the glycerol are joined to two fatty acids in a condensation reaction creating ester bonds. The final carbon is bonded to the phosphate molecule‚ which in turn is connected via a covalent bond to choline. Due to the polar nature of the glycerol phosphate and choline molecules‚ they create a hydrophilic area (known as the hydrophilic head). Whereas‚ the
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Aging‚ “The accumulation of diverse deleterious changes occurring in cells and tissues with advancing age that are responsible for the increased risk of disease and death.” (Tosato‚ 401). This major aspect of our life is still a mystery to scientists‚ however there are many theories behind the process‚ and reason humans and all living organisms age. Many studies have been performed to understand more about this phenomenon‚ yet no definitive theory has been stated. Free radical theory has been a popular
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Anatomy & Physiology P5‚ M2 & D2: Explain the concept of homeostasis and discuss the probable homeostatic responses to changes in the internal environment during exercise In this assignment the concept of homeostasis will be explained and the probable homeostatic responses to changes in the internal environment during exercise will be discussed. Homeostasis is simply how the body keeps conditions inside the same. It is described as the maintenance of a constant internal environment.
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Insomnia‚ a sleep disorder‚ is characterized by arduousness falling or staying asleep. This disease affects individuals nationally; more than 50 percent of the population undergoes this disease and teenagers and younger children comprise of about 25 percent of the population suffering from insomnia‚ making it a substantial disease to be indoctrinated about. (“Insomnia Facts”) Insomnia presents itself as a compulsory topic in a student’s edification since this subject impacts slumber patterns of the
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4 questions Page 57 1. a) Difference between protein and polypeptide: Proteins have a structure formed by one or more polypeptide chains whilst a polypeptide is a chain of amino acids. b) Fat and oil differences: They are both lipids‚ but fats are solid whilst oil are liquids. c) Difference between starch and glycogen: Starch is a polysaccharide found in plant tissue whilst glycogen has polysaccharide found in animals. d) Condensation and hydrolysis: Condensation is
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consumed‚ can turn into fuel for the human body? Using the digestive system and its many organs through the process of digestion and metabolism is how our bodies receive the energy it needs to continue on throughout the day and the rest of our lives. Chemistry then kicks in as food starts its process from entering to leaving the body‚ through the rate of our metabolism‚ and also by the transfer of energy. The chemistry in the digestive system is a very important process‚ because without it there would
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and vegetables supply fiber‚ vitamins‚ and minerals **** When a low carbohydrate is consumed‚ glycogen stores cannot be restored during a period of regular vigorous training. ****Training Effects on Fat Metabolism • Increased number and activity of enzymes involved in fat metabolism • Improved ability of muscles to store fat • Improved
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