A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electromagnetic force attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole-dipole interactions‚ the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding
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INTRODUCTION Diamond Chemicals a major global competitor in the chemical industry and a leading producer of polypropylene. In 2001 the Corporation was facing losses in earnings and the slowdown of the global economy. The Earning per Share (EPS) had fallen by 50% from 1999 to 2000. The controller of the plant in Merseyside proposed a project of £9 million to renovate and rationalize the polypropylene production line at the plant to compensate for deferred maintenance and to exploit opportunities
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analysts are expecting high growth rates for specialty chemicals of 10-15%. As a result‚ Nova Chemical has a 5 year strategy that focuses on development of the company’s two specialty chemicals divisions: the Laboratory Products Division (LPD) and‚ more substantially‚ the Environmental Products Division (EPD). Investment will focus on the company’s EPD division through expansion of new production facilities. Doing so will require the company to consider alternatives in annual financing to handle
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* Chemical Formulas and Reactions . . . Midterm Objectives: * To balance chemical equations. * To interpret chemical reactions. * To understand equilibrium reactions and the factors that can affect them. * Molecular Mass / Formula Mass * Is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms present in one molecule of that compound. Example: the molecular mass of sodium bromide‚ NaBr‚ is 103‚ which represents the sum of the atomic mass of sodium (23) plus that of bromide (80)
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Chemical Engineer The chemical engineer is an invaluable link between scientific principles and manufacturing realities. It involves the use of chemical‚ physical‚ and engineering principles. The scientist in a laboratory does basic research to develop new compounds and processes. When the scientist discovers a product that may be useful‚ the chemical engineer takes over. They adapt the product for big scale manufacturing. They do this by designing a plant to produce the item on large scale
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entrepreneurship at the Dow Chemical Company Dow Chemical Company Description Dow Chemical is a multi-national chemical manufacturing company‚ specifically serving various consumer markets with innovative chemicals and plastics products. With net profit margins dropping over a period of time‚ the firm had prioritized growth initiatives in the early 2000s. The emergence of the internet had empowered start-ups to disrupt the chemical manufacturing industry
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Chemical Bonding Lab Chemical compounds are combinations of atoms held together by chemical bonds. These chemical bonds are of two basic types—ionic and covalent. Ionic bonds result when one or more electrons from one atom or group of atoms is transferred to another atom. Positive and negative ions are created through the transfer. In covalent compounds no electrons are transferred; instead electrons are shared by the bonded atoms. The physical properties of a substance‚ such as melting point
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he terms “chemical accident” or “chemical incident” refer to an event resulting in the release of a substance or substances hazardous to human health and/or the environment in the short or long term. Such events include fires‚ explosions‚ leakages or releases of toxic or hazardous materials that can cause people illness‚ injury‚ disability or death. While chemical accidents may occur whenever toxic materials are stored‚ transported or used‚ the most severe accidents are industrial accidents‚ involving
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Victoria Chemicals: The Merseyside Project Executive Summary Victoria Chemicals is facing pressures from investors to improve its financial performances. The plant manager is currently considering whether to accept a GBP 12million initial outlay project to renovate its polypropylene production line at Merseyside plant. The benefit of the plant is the lower energy requirement of production and a greater manufacturing capacity. This report consist a recommendation for the plant manager which consists
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A Critical Analysis of the Effects of Chemical Castration and Physical Castration on the Recidivism Rates of Sex Offenders Introduction This paper examines the effects of chemical castration and physical castration on the recidivism rates of sex offenders. Using theory integration or the multifactor approach‚ the findings reveal there are several factors influencing sex offender recidivism. Both chemical castration and physical castration have the potential to reduce the recidivism
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