ZARA Income Statement Period Ending: 2012 31/12 2011 31/12 2010 31/12 2009 31/12 Total Revenue 82.98 78.19 89.69 76.7 Revenue 82.98 78.19 89.69 76.7 Other Revenue‚ Total - - - - Cost of Revenue‚ Total 60.29 56.72 59.02 52 Gross Profit 22.69 21.47 30.67 24.7 Total Operating Expenses 77.61 73.35 74.12 63.51 Selling/General/Admin. Expenses‚ Total 3.69 3.24 3.96 3.56 Research & Development - - - - Depreciation / Amortization 13.63 13.38 11.14 7
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some consumers. Proportion of income required by the item: products requiring a larger portion of the consumer’s income tend to have greater elasticity. • Time period considered: elasticity tends to be greater over the long run because consumers have more time to adjust their behavoir to price changes. Income elasticity of demand measure the degree of responsiveness of quantity demanded of good X to a given change in level of income‚ ceteris paribus. Income elasticity of demand is calculated
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Today‚ earnings management methods‚ such as income smoothing‚ are becoming more and more ubiquitous ways of improving earnings quality and attractiveness to investors. Because investors pay such close attention to income levels and firm stability‚ such methods are coming under heavy scrutiny‚ and are receiving more attention in the way of research and studies. The scrutiny is an attempt to explain the effects‚ and whether or not‚ in the long-run‚ these methods of earnings management are‚ in fact
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data provided by Emmanuel Saez to show that there is a linear relationship between income share and the percentage of children attending college. Thus as income share increases the percentage of children receiving education increases. Children who are from poor families do not have the same advantages as rich families. However‚ Bruce Sacerdote has conflicting data. Sacerdote writes that 33% of variance of family income is due to genetics‚ 11% is due to family environment‚ and 56% are environmental factors
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Literature Songs Killing An Arab by The Cure History Composer Robert Smith has said that the song "was a short poetic attempt at condensing my impression of the key moments in L’Étranger (The Stranger) by Albert Camus". The lyrics describe a shooting on a beach‚ in which the Arab of the title is killed by the song’s narrator; in Camus’ story the protagonist‚ Meursault‚ shoots an Arab on a beach‚ overwhelmed by his surroundings. Meursault is condemned for his honesty about his feelings. He is
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sustained increase in real GDP increases a nation’s standard of living providing that output rises faster than the total population. However it must be remembered that real income per capita on its own is both an inaccurate and insufficient indicator of true living standards both within and between countries. National income data can be used to make cross-country comparisons. This requires * Converting GDP data into a common currency (normally the dollar or the Euro) * Making an adjustment to
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Conclusion Comprehensive marine and coastal databases are essential for management of the seas of Southeast Asia. Maps of resources found in marine and coastal environments‚ the sources of potential damage and data to guide managers are the means by which resources can be assessed and managed to maintain marine resources. This information is get by do the oceanographic survey. There is a strong need for data for managers to manage‚ conserve‚ remediate‚ recover and sustain continued use of Southeast
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CASE STUDY: Modernization of NTUC Income? 1.)What were the problems faced by Income in this case? How were the problems solved by thenew digital system? The insurance operations in the company income tired and very laborious and require a large number of staff and rely on the system documentary‚ which led to the complexity of operations and the collapse of the system hp3000 central frequently and who was treated applications cooperative insurance and accounting information systems and administrative
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SOURCES OF BANK’S INCOME A bank is a business organisation engaged in the business of borrowing and lending money. A bank can earn income only if it borrows at a lower rate and lends at a higher rate. The difference between the two rates will represent the costs incurred by the bank and the profit. Bank also provides a number of services to its customers for which it charges commission. This is also an important source of income. The followings are the various sources of a bank’s profit: 1
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Miguel De Cervantes The son of a deaf surgeon‚ Miguel de Cervantes was born near Madrid in 1547. He became a soldier in 1570 and was badly wounded in the Battle of Lepanto. Captured by the Turks in 1575‚ de Cervantes spent five years in prison. He was freed in 1580 and returned home. De Cervantes finally achieved literary success in his later years‚ publishing the first part of Don Quixote in 1605. He died in 1616. For nearly his entire life‚ Miguel de Cervantes struggled financially. His father
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