CHAPTER II Travelling Uncharted Waters? REVIEWING THE LITERATURE 2.1 Introduction: Storm in a teacup This part of my research journey was fraught with anxiety‚ distress and a sense of being lost. Reviewing the literature became my own storm in a teacup‚ as I found myself dizzily spiralling‚ being flung between not knowing on the one side‚ on the verge of knowing at the other‚ yet continuously feeling out of control‚ not being here nor there ... caught somewhere between locating
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3.1. Research Objective: To review literature on Social entrepreneurship The aim in this section is to review and discuss the concept of social entrepreneurship (SE). First‚ some of the historical antecedents of SE such as communities‚ cooperatives and philanthropists will be introduced. Then‚ definitions of SE extant literature will be presented. Two significant streams in the definition of SE are derived‚ one is social innovation (SI) and the other one is social enterprise organisation (SEO).
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Literature Review On Television Ads 1. Television and Children 2. Television Commercials and Children 3. Television Commercials and Gender Roles a. Content Analyses - Adults & Children b. Impact 4. Television Commercials‚ Masculinity and Boys a. Content Analyses b. Impact ________________________________________ 1. Television and Children In this section I will be reviewing the literature on children and television. It has been demonstrated that the average American viewer is
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Chemistry and cosmetics Cosmetics have been around since almost the beginning of time. Egyptian women used kohl to darken their eyelids‚ Cleopatra was even said to have bathed in milk to achieve a soft smooth completion. In Greece‚ women used lead carbonate (a white powder) to obtain a pale complexion‚ which probably wasn’t worth it seeing how it cost them their lives! Anyway‚ cosmetics are no modern phenomenon! Today it is a big business‚ making about $12 billion
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The effectiveness of advertising: a literature review Elisabetta Corvi Associate Professor of Economics and Business Management University of Brescia corvi@eco.unibs.it Michelle Bonera (corresponding author) Assistant Professor of Economics and Business Management University of Brescia +39 333 2341484 mbonera@eco.unibs.it Abstract The aim of the paper is to propose a simple approach to monitor and control the encoding phase‚ too often neglected by the doctrine and operators
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Literature Review Outline Motivation of employees and creating harmony in the workplace Three issues that considerably add to higher levels of employee motivation and performance‚ Nemerov (1993) Supervisors should enhance the motivational climate in the workplace‚ Atwood (2004) Employees Motivation and Theories and their Implication for Employee Retention within Organizations‚ Ramlall (2004) Management style of managers in Sierra Leone is based on autocratic-democratic approach Employee can
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Assertiveness in ELT: A Review of Literature Nur’ain Balqis Binti Haladin Faculty of Education Universiti Teknologi Malaysia nurainbalqis@utm.my Noor Aireen Binti Ibrahim Language Academy Universiti Teknologi Malaysia naireen@utm.my According to Sigler‚ Burnett and Child (2008)‚ in 1940s research on assertiveness started to gain the scholarly interest. In its early popularity‚ assertiveness was mainly focused on the differences in assertiveness based on gender and race of the communicator
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women‚ and children affected by AIDS/HIV globally. M.A.C. introduced the "Kid’s helping Kids" which‚ with the sale of greeting cards‚ painted by the kids‚ will be donated to pediatric organizations. History Makeup Art Cosmetics Inc.‚ more commonly known as MAC Cosmetics‚ is a popular high-end personal care brand that markets to women. In fact‚ it is so popular and prestigious in the celebrity world that it has been mentioned in pop songs‚ such as "Unpretty" by TLC. The MAC brand is exclusively
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PART A CHANGE is unavoidable in order to remain competitive in today’s fast-paced market environment. Management guru‚ Tom Peters puts it that ‘change or die’ has been the bottom line for countless firms (Jick & Peiperl‚ 2011). Change can be large or small‚ evolutionary or revolutionary‚ sought after or resisted (Hayes‚ 2010) and is a general feature of organisational life‚ both at an operational and strategic level (Todnem‚ 2005). Burnes (1992) expressed that ‘change management is not a distinct
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Gender and Leadership Literature Review 1. Introduction Leadership theories and literature describe what leaders should do and on the other hand literature also exists on what leaders actually do‚ the former are prescriptive and the latter are descriptive (Bratton et al; 2005). Leadership style is a relatively consistent set of behaviours that characterise a leader (DuBrin; 1995). The main leadership theories encompass the trait‚ behaviour‚ contingency‚ power
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