and Loftus‚ G.(2006) ‘Cognitive science and the law’ Trends in Cognitive Sciences. Vol.11 No.3 Christiansen‚ S. (1992) ‘Emotional Stress and Eyewitness Memory: A Critical Review’‚ Psychology Bulletin‚ Vol. 112‚ No. 2‚ pp 284-309 Fisher‚ R. (1995) ‘Interviewing
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In opposing paper “Creating False Memories” Elizabeth F. Loftus claims that‚ false memories can easily be implanted through convincing and manipulating words. The easiest way to implant false memories is usually through someone you trust or believe in. Through the paper she includes many examples of how easy
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This experiment is a replica of Loftus and Palmer’s (1974) Reconstruction of Automobile Destruction: An Example of the Interaction between Language and Memory research. The aim is to investigate the effect of leading questions on eyewitness testimony of an event. The independent variable is the verb in the critical question‚ such as ‘smashed‚’ or ‘hit‚’ and the dependent variable is the participants speed estimate of the cars. The study was done by asking 30 students to watch seven short car crash
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the recovery of extent‚ but hidden memories. In the first part of the 1990s‚ a newly up and coming field of trauma researches was generated in response to a greater understanding of the prevalence of unfair treatment of woman and children (Laney & Loftus‚ 2013). False memories not working without consideration in a little older field
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justifying if there resurfacing memories are not affected by deliberate lies‚ misremembering or honest mistakes.(Elizabeth F. Loftus‚ 1993). It is therefore possibly that resurfacing memories could be hallucination-mediated‚ fantasies‚ illusions‚ a combination of borrowed ideas from characters‚ myths‚ accounts from heard sources with “idiosyncratic internal beliefs” .(Elizabeth F. Loftus‚ 1993)‚ or intentionally derived defense mechanism. However‚ the qualities of many resurfacing memories are so detailed
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The forensic technique eyewitnesses is a term meaning a person who has witnesses an event that is important to a criminal investigation or criminal justice trial. The eyewitness will at first tell a police officer what he or she have witnessed‚ but after telling the police officer the eyewitness may be required to do other things to help the investigation or trial as well. Nowadays the most normal thing a eyewitness will do is to point a person out in a line-up‚ but a eyewitness can also be required
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Psychology in the Court Room The Expert Witness “How reliable is eyewitness testimony” On the 28th of September 1999‚ a building society in West Bromwich was robbed by a man brandishing a gun. He had approached the cashier desk and pushed aside a customer and then produced a gun. He ordered the three customers in the bank to lie on the floor. He then pointed the gun in the face of the cashier and told her to fill the bag with money. In doing so‚ she managed to raise the silent alarm alerting
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examine the influence of peers in friendship choices and the significance of cultural differences as explored by Gonzalez et al (2004) in today’s technologically advanced society. Finally‚ the essay will use the research done by Loftus and Palmer in the 1970’s together with Loftus and Pickerell (1995) to assess and evaluate the influence of other people on human performance‚ in this case‚ memory and how it can be distorted by others. The aim of Adorno et al’s (1950) study was to measure personality
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Psychology‚ 7‚ 155–163. Schooler‚ J. W.‚ & Loftus‚ E. F. (1986). Individual differences and
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Elizabeth Loftus knows the value of memory‚ as she serves as an expert witness on memory. In Evidence-based justice: Corrupted memory‚ Moheb speaks about Elizabeth Loftus as an expert witness‚ and details factors that effects a person’s memory (Moheb‚ 2013‚ p.268). Loftus states that memory is easily influenced (Moheb‚ 2013‚ p.269). According to Loftus‚ it is more difficult to identify someone who is a different race than the one
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