Deductive Thinking Logical thinking is a process that has two different methods. Within logical thinking‚ there is deductive thinking and inductive thinking. In deductive thinking‚ the reasoning starts with either two‚ but can be more premises‚ then results in an ending that follows those premises. The syllogism is used in deductive thinking. Categorical‚ hypothetical‚ and disjunctive syllogisms are three different types used for deductive thinking. A categorical syllogism uses a form of argument
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CHAPTER XIV Logical Empiricism There are many strange sentences that men use. Compare these two: (1) Wheat is a major crop in Kansas‚ and (2) the fountain of youth is located in Kansas. Each has a subject‚ a verb‚ and a predicate. The first sentence is regarded as true in a matter-of-fact way. The second one may bring a smile or wrinkle to your face. Why the two reactions? Why is one regarded as true and the other as fiction? How can we speak of the non-existent in the same way as
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Logical Fallacies Logical fallacies are errors in reasoning‚ defects that weaken arguments. At first they might seem correct. but if they are examined closely‚ it is obvious that they are incorrect. Critical thinkers recognize these fallacies in newspapers‚ advertisements‚ and other places so they can make good decisions in all areas of their lives. Here are some of the most common fallacies: Circular Reasoning: Supporting a premise with a premise‚ rather than a conclusion. In other words‚
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THE INTELLECTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF RELIGION HAKEEM KOLAPO FUJAH APPLIED THEORY OF PEACE AND PEACE EDUCATION SERIES DISCUSSION PAPER 1 IS IT LOGICAL TO BELIEVE IN GOD? Are these extraordinary times? To win the ideological war against terrorism and protect the minds of youth from radicalization is engaging enough. Equally worrying is mounting evidence that too many people across continents may be losing their minds. Alongside possible over-population‚ joblessness and emasculation
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STUDENT HANDOUT LOGICAL FALLACIES Explanation of Logical Fallacies * What is logic? * Logic is reasoning that is conducted according to strict principles. * How is logic related to expository writing? * When you write an expository essay‚ you are using logic to provide the layers of proof for your statements. * You are proving your thesis when you construct your topic sentences. * e.g.‚ answering the “Why”‚ “How”‚ “What are they” questions about the
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Pspa 212 1/11/2013 Logical Framework approach Many International donors or multi-lateral aid agencies nowadays use the Logical Framework Approach as an analysis and management tool regarding developmental projects. It was developed in the 1960’s‚ by Leon Rosenberg‚ to address three basic needs: Planning‚ management‚ and evaluation. The Logical Framework Approach (LFA) was adopted rapidly by most donors‚ multi-lateral and bi-lateral. Many have decided to modify the format yet the analytical
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good inductive argument is such that if the premises are true‚ the conclusion is likely to be true. In inductive reasoning‚ the premises may predict a high probability of the conclusion‚ but they do not ensure that the conclusion is true Fallacies Logical fallacies are arguments based on faulty reasoning. They often appear true at first‚ but they do not remain viable under scrutiny. A fallacy is an “argument” in which the premises given for the conclusion do not provide the needed degree of support
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Video games have become an integrated part of society both in the older and younger generations. As more and more complex games are made and introduced into the community‚ increased amounts of violence are put into these games to draw in more consumers. Many studies have reported that because of the violence in these games‚ younger children and teens have become more violent not only toward family‚ but also toward government and public property. If this continues on the track that has been established
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In the literary play‚ The Cruicible‚ Authur Miller uses drama to portray the real events of witchcraft. He attempts to show how easily very religios people can be fooled by one another. Logical fallacies are a rhetorical device in which he uses in order to have the effect of showing how believable the characters can be. A fallacy that is used throughout the Crucible would be Either or Choice. A fallacy where one is made to think they have just one choice. An example of Either or Choice would be
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An Encyclopedia of Errors of Reasoning The ability to identify logical fallacies in the arguments of others‚ and to avoid them in one’s own arguments‚ is both valuable and increasingly rare. Fallacious reasoning keeps us from knowing the truth‚ and the inability to think critically makes us vulnerable to manipulation by those skilled in the art of rhetoric. What is a Logical Fallacy? A logical fallacy is‚ roughly speaking‚ an error of reasoning. When someone adopts a position‚ or tries to persuade
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