5.2.2 Enthalpy and Entropy For 2013-2014 S for melting vs. boiling Discuss How do chemists work out whether a reaction will happen or not? There are various ways including equilibrium constants‚ standard electrode potentials and enthalpy values. But how are these related? There is a more fundamental concept which links all these together. Remember? Enthalpy is a measure of heat energy and ΔH is the enthalpy change which we studied at AS. Questions 1. Which sign for ΔH would
Premium Entropy Energy Enthalpy
OIXDATION(AND(REDUCTION(–(REDOX(CHEM(1( ( KEY(REDOX(CONCEPTS( •! Oxidation)and)reduction)are)electron(transfer(processes)(reactions).)) o! Oxidation(–(Loss)of)electrons)) !! Reductant((reducing)agent))–)undergoes)oxidation.)) o! Reduction(–(Gain)of)electrons)) !! Oxidant((oxidising)agent))–)undergoes)reduction.)) ! Example:(((((((((((Mg(s)(+(2H+(aq)( (Mg2+(aq)(+(H2(g)( o! This!reaction!can!be!broken!up!into!two!halfEreactions(( !! Oxidation:)Mg(s))")Mg2+)+)2e:)(lost)electrons))( !! Reduction:)2H+)+)2e:)")H2)(gained)electrons))(
Premium
The Atomic Bomb The research for the first Atomic bomb took place in the United States‚ by a group of nuclear engineers; the name of this research was called‚ “The Manhattan Project”. On July 16‚ 1945‚ the detonation of the first atomic bomb was tested near Los Alamos‚ New Mexico. As the atomic bomb was detonated‚ it sent shock-waves across the globe‚ which demonstrated that nuclear power would forever change the meaning of war. To create a nuclear bomb‚ nuclear fission must occur. The process
Premium
river. There was a sudden and unexpected power surge‚ and when an emergency shutdown was attempted‚ an exponentially larger spike in power occurred‚ which led to a reactor vessel rupture and a series of steam explosions. These events exposed the Graphite Moderator of the reactor to air‚ causing it to ignite. The resulting fire sent a plume of highly radioactive fallout into the atmosphere and over a large area‚ including Pripyat. The plume drifted over large parts of the western Soviet Union
Premium Chernobyl disaster
Crowder has an interesting feminist take of “The Yellow Wallpaper” for the Lonestar‚ Crowder explains the story through a feminist lens and provides examples from her viewpoint. She opens by stating that the author Charlotte Gilman assumable did not intend on her work to be regarded as “classical feminist literature. Her first of
Premium Fiction Literature Charlotte Perkins Gilman
absorption determination of arsenic in most waters and wastewaters. Three test methods are given as follows: Test Method A—Silver Diethyldithiocarbamate Colorimetric Test Method B—Atomic Absorption‚ Hydride Generation Test Method C—Atomic Absorption‚ Graphite Furnace Concentration Range 5 to 250 µg/L 1 to 20 µg/L 5 to 100 µg/L Sections 7 to 15 16 to 24 25 to 33 1.2 The analyst should direct attention to the precision and bias statements for each test method. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure
Premium Analytical chemistry Reagent Hydrochloric acid
Deadly Meltdown – Chernobyl By JOHN GREENWALD May 12‚ 1986 – TIME Magazine The first warning came in Sweden. At 9 a.m. on Monday‚ April 28‚ technicians at the Forsmark Nuclear Power Plant‚ 60 miles north of Stockholm‚ noticed disturbing signals blipping across their computer screens. Those signals revealed abnormally high levels of radiation‚ a sure sign of serious trouble. At first suspecting difficulties in their own reactors‚ the engineers searched frantically for a leak. When they found nothing
Premium Chernobyl disaster Nuclear power Ukraine
Case: AMERICAN CHEMICAL CORPORATION 1. Executive Summary Dixon‚ an American specialty chemical producer‚ wants to buy Collinsville plant from American Chemical Corporation‚ another typical chemical company in 1979. Dixon wants to diversify its product line buy acquiring the aforesaid plant‚ which produces sodium-chlorate to supply to paper producers in Southeastern part of the US. This plant initially cost 12 mln. USD and additional 2‚25 mln. USD needed to buy laminate technology to increase efficiency
Premium Weighted average cost of capital Costs Variable cost
NUCLEAR REACTORS A nuclear reactor is a device to initiate and control a sustained nuclear chain reaction. Nuclear reactors are used at nuclear power plants for electricity generation and in propulsion of ships. Heat from nuclear fission is passed to a working fluid (water or gas)‚ which runs through turbines. These either drive a ship’s propellers or turn electrical generators. Nuclear generated steam in principle can be used for industrial process heat or for district heating. Some reactors are
Premium Nuclear fission Nuclear power Electricity generation
THERMOCHENISTRY Index 1.0 Introduction | | | | | | | | 1 | 2.0 Enthalpy Changes | | | | | | | 2‚3 | 2.1 The Standard Conditions For Calculating Enthalpy Changes | | | | 3.0 Hess’s Law | | | | | | | | 4‚5 | 3.1 The Applications of Hess’s Law | | | | | | 4.0 Standard Molar Enthalpy Change of Formation‚ ΔHof | | | | 6‚7 | 4.1 The Stability of A Compound | | | | | | | 4.2 Using ΔHof
Free Enthalpy Thermodynamics Energy