PCR0025 Critical Thinking All Foundation ONLINE NOTES LOGICAL FALLACIES Logical fallacy: An argument that contains a mistake in reasoning. 2 major groups: 1. Fallacies of relevance 2. Fallacies of insufficient evidence Fallacies of Relevance Mistakes in reasoning that occur because the premises are logically irrelevant to the conclusions. 1. Personal Attack 2. Attacking the motive 3. Look Who’s Talking (Tu Quoque) 4. Two Wrongs Make a Right 5. Scare Tactics 6. Appeal to Pity 7
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questions: · What are some examples of bias‚ fallacies‚ and specific rhetorical devices in the speech? · How did the speaker address arguments and counter arguments? · Were the speaker’s arguments effective? Explain your answer. This speech was done before election time of the new governor. This video had many examples of fallacies. “Using emotion the wrong way most often creates what is known as a fallacy. Fallacies occur when you use an illogical argument.” The running
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Assumptions and Fallacies Write a 150- to 200-word response to each of the following questions: • What are assumptions? How do you think assumptions might interfere with critical thinking? What might you do to avoid making assumptions in your thinking? • What are fallacies? How are fallacies used in written‚ oral‚ and visual arguments? What might you do to avoid fallacies in your thinking? 1. According to The Random House Dictionary‚ assumptions is the act of taking for granted or supposing
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Charles Foster Kane campaigning for Governor‚ there were many examples of bias‚ fallacies‚ and rhetorical devices. An example of political bias in his speech was when Kane said that “every straw vote‚ every independent poll shows that I’ll be elected”. This shows political bias because it is an opinion of Charles Foster Kane and there is not any supporting evidence to prove that what Kane says is the truth. Examples of fallacies present in this speech would be in the beginning of his speech where Kane
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Imagine being in love with someone so deeply that you want to spend the rest of your life with that person‚ and ask for his or her hand in marriage. But you aren’t able to because you and your lover are of same sex‚ and live in a state like Texas where gay marriage is prohibited. There is a loophole though‚ you do have the option of traveling one thousand miles to the closest state that allows you to wed. Initially‚ some people may think that’s okay‚ it’s just another adventure in your life right
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«12 angry men» In the movie «12 angry men»‚ one can explore a variety of fallacies and generalizations. Each juror except for one comes in with a verdict of «Guilty»‚ but by using critical thinking the reasons to support their claim are dismissed one by one. Except for Juror number three who is the last one to change his verdict. He disregards all critical reasoning and sticks to his initial claim using multiple fallacies to support it. He is clearly prejudiced towards the defendant no mater the
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• Government spending fallacy • Some government spending is essential • Public works providing employment concern • Effects of taxes • Risk and reward Commentary: Many economist believe in the fallacy that the government can keep on spending without taxing. This belief is set straight by the reality of “national insolvency or a runaway inflation.” Whatever the government spends must be paid out in the form of taxes and the sooner the better. But not all government spending is bad. There is still
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HIGH NOON FALLACIES High Noon‚ a western film mostly respected by conservative viewers‚ and endlessly ranked over by critics. This was an exciting movie considering it was a black and white film. The whole movie was about the loyalty of a town marshal named Kane and the betrayal of the town. After watching High Noon‚ there were a lot of fallacies that were depicted through out the movie such as begging the question‚ ad hominem‚ slippery slope‚ and Inconsistency. The characters in the movie do
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What are some examples of bias‚ fallacies‚ and specific rhetorical devices in the speech? In the speech kane uses a variety of bias which include political bias in which he is doing against Jim W. Gettys. He also uses different types of fallacies which are scapegoating‚ and apple polishing‚and ad hominen ‚ and using straw man fallacies and he also two others ones false dilemma and slippery slope plus begging the question too . He also uses a few different types of rhetorical devices in his speech
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3.3 QUIZ In the appeal to force‚ the arguer physically attacks the listener. F In the fallacy of accident‚ a general rule is applied to a specific case where it does not fit. T If an arguer attempts to discredit court room testimony or a promise by pointing out that the witness or the person making the promise is a liar‚ then the arguer commits an argumentum ad hominem (argument against the person) fallacy. T (calling someone a liar without evidence is abusive) In the argumentum ad hominem circumstantial
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