SAVING INCENTIVES FOR LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME FAMILIES: EVIDENCE FROM A FIELD EXPERIMENT WITH H&R BLOCK* ESTHER DUFLO WILLIAM GALE JEFFREY LIEBMAN PETER ORSZAG EMMANUEL SAEZ We analyze a randomized experiment in which 14‚000 tax filers in H&R Block offices in St. Louis received matches of zero‚ 20 percent‚ or 50 percent of IRA contributions. Take-up rates were 3 percent‚ 8 percent‚ and 14 percent‚ respectively. Among contributors‚ contributions‚ excluding the match‚ averaged $765 in the control group
Premium Income tax in the United States Taxation in the United States Income tax
followed by a decline to a stable growth period. The first issue to deal with is to estimate how long the high growth period should last. Should it be 5 years‚ 10 years‚ or maybe longer? Next the model makes an immediate transition from high growth to low growth which isn’t always realistic. The Gordon Growth Model The Gordon growth model can be used to value a company (usually mature) that is in ’steady state’ with dividends growing at a constant rate that can be sustained forever is a major assumption
Premium Preferred stock Stock market Stock
[7] Abraham Maslow’s "hierarchy of needs" theory identifies the higher-order needs (ego needs and self-actualisation) and lower-order needs which are physiological‚ safety‚ and social needs [10]. Both low and high involvement purchases are basically aimed to satisfy these needs. Normally however‚ low involvement purchases usually act to satisfy the lower-order needs while high involvement purchases act to satisfy the higher-order needs. Various researches have been used to study attitudes for a wide
Premium Brand Risk Psychology
the parent-child relationship. If research is done‚ the research surrounds fathers who belong to the middle- and upper-class. The article entitled “Father Involvement in Urban Low-Income Fathers: Baseline Associations and Changes Resulting From Preventive Intervention” examines father involvement among ethnically diverse‚ low-income fathers. The goals of the research consist of filling the gaps of the literature‚ by studying a different population‚ and evaluating if whether attendance of workshops
Premium Parent Mother Father
Structure‚ Agency‚ and Social Reality in Blumerian Symbolic Interactionism: The Influence of Georg Simmel Author(s): Jacqueline Low Source: Symbolic Interaction‚ Vol. 31‚ No. 3 (Summer 2008)‚ pp. 325-343 Published by: Wiley on behalf of the Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/si.2008.31.3.325 . Accessed: 31/03/2015 20:24 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor
Premium Sociology
Walmart‚ a super retail store that offers a product for almost all needs at a low price‚ is guilty of closing many local mom and pop shops. The documentary film “Walmart the High Cost of Low Price” illustrates the effects felt by the local small business owners when a new Walmart opens in the area. Usually when there is a grand opening of a new business in an area there is a decrease in sales. When someone as large as Walmart moves into the area it is almost impossible to keep a local shop open for
Premium Wal-Mart Supermarket Retailing
During summer vacations‚ my family spends as much time as we can at our cabin in Show Low‚ Arizona. The smell of pine trees‚ a chilling breeze‚ and the crackling of fireplaces gives such a comforting feeling and allows me to escape from the real world for a while. It is relieving to get away from the blazing heat down in Phoenix. We have many lifelong friends who also share the pleasure of owning a cabin in Show Low. Summer is‚ by far‚ the best part of every year. Our cabin lies right on the 13th tee
Premium English-language films Family Mother
Brazil is the largest country in South America and it has the strongest economy in Latin America. The country has the seventh largest economy in the world by nominal GDP. Brazil is rich in natural resources and it focus on agriculture and industrial power. Despite the improvement on income distribution and bringing the middle class population to 95 million people which is a little bit more than half of the population in the country‚ poverty in rural areas are still very severe in Brazil. According
Free Middle class Working class Social class
Demand Analysis of low-calorie microwavable food Student’s name: Course title: Date: Professor’s Name: QD = 20‚000 - 10P + 1500A + 5PX + 10 I Since R2 is considerable high‚ the model explains the demand quite well. Putting the values of P‚ A‚ Px and I in the above equation‚ we get‚ Converting all price into dollars‚ we get‚ QD = 20‚000 – (10×8000) + (1500×64) + (5×9000) + (10×5000) = 131000 Now‚ own price elasticity (ep) = × = -10‚ P = 8000‚ Q = 131000
Premium Supply and demand Marketing Price elasticity of demand
of the first countries to implement a carbon emissions tax‚ and the EU’s plans to implement a similar initiative. Thirdly‚ customers have greater choice and bargaining power. This is due to deregulation and emergence of new carriers especially the low-cost carriers. More innovative pricing models and services are now available to compete for the consumers’ dollar. With growing affluence of regions such as Asia-Pacific‚ manufacturers such as Airbus have predicted passengers to double over the next
Premium Airline Low-cost carrier Southwest Airlines