Current issue: Scandals in auditing Enron Scandal 1. Introduction Accounting scandals are political or business scandals which arise with the disclosure of financial misdeeds by trusted executives of corporations or governments. These days‚ not too often‚ these scandals are splashed as headlines across media. Why? Because there are complex groups of stakeholders who might be seriously affected by the scandals. Enron scam was the most remarkable scandal in 20 centuries by their institutionalized
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reality for many Americans. This devastating loss left many taxpayers with misappropriated assets along with a burden to pay the “bill” for the bailout of AIG. PART I: HOUSING MARKET SCANDAL: VIOLATIONS IN BUSINESS OPERATIONS To understand the accounting scandal of AIG‚ one must first understand its business transactions and operations leading up to the SEC investigations. In 1993‚ President Bill Clinton signed into law the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act‚ commonly
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The Fannie Scandal: The ’Financiopaths ’ Did It Article Analysis Jami L. Harris University of Phoenix ACC 363/ Financial Accounting II Facilitator: Eduard Delacruz November 5‚ 2006 Abstract When most people hear the word "Enron‚" they the first thought that comes to mind is watching the news with the executives being taken by handcuffs to a police car due to the scandal. Though it remains very familiar in the minds of the American people‚ Fannie Mae had also lead a scandalous act to
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Executive Summary In this investigative report‚ it will show how Enron was involved in improper accounting practices that led to over $70 billion of losses and also Enron’s method that was used to able them in covering their losses. Enron’s fall and bankruptcy had affected not only the employees‚ but also the shareholders‚ U.S Citizens and also the impact that it had on other countries that Enron was affiliated with. The focus of this paper is on the creation of Enron’s business model that
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Content Page Executive Summary Xerox‚ the then world’s largest copier seller‚ was sued by the U.S. Security and Exchange Committee (SEC) in 2002 for its fraudulent accounting manipulations‚ which inflated $1.5 billion earnings from 1997 to 2000. Several parties got their hands dirty in the scandal‚ including the then senior Xerox management‚ the Board of Directors and external auditor KPMG LLP. The failure of those parties in discharging their duties induces the further thought of trust and accountability
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would stay inflated. Another practice is that they switched from an agent model to a merchant model when recognizing revenue. Doing this gave them a 65% increase when typical industry standards only gain between 2-3%. Once they switched to this accounting method other companies started to follow their lead in order to stay competitive with Enron. In addition‚ Enron understated its liability and overstated its equity. They would do this by creating special purpose entities. These entities were created
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4 3. Products 5 4. Enron Scandal – The Company Fraud 8 f. What Happed? 8 5. Techniques used in the Company Fraud 9 g. Revenue Recognition 9 h. Mark-to-market accounting 9 i. Special Purpose Entities 10 j. Executive Compensation 11 k. Risk Management 11 l. Financial Audit 12 m. Audit Committee 12 n. Other Accounting Procedures 13 6. Bankruptcy 14
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Enron Scandal In 1985‚ Enron was formed by Kenneth Lay after the merging of Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth. In the 1990s‚ Lay helped to initiate the selling of electricity at market prices. Markets made it easier for Enron to sell energy at higher prices‚ which caused the company to get richer. Enron was the largest merchant of natural gas in 1992. In November 1999‚ the creation of EnronOnline enabled Enron to develop‚ negotiate and manage its trading business. By 2001‚ Enron became a
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Introduction Hallmark is the recent largest banking scam in Bangladesh‚ which occurred due to regulatory inefficiency of commercial banking sectors. It is a pointer to the fact that if you do not tighten the regulatory belt of the banks‚ serious problems could creep in. Source suggests‚ this particular business house is assumed to have resorted to fraudulent loan. A fraudulent loan is one in which the borrower is a business entity controlled by a dishonest bank officer or an accomplice; the “borrower”
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Kovaleva Mary Assignment 3. Enron scandal Rise of the company Enron was an American energy company based in Houston‚ Texas. It was formed in 1985 by Kenneth Lay after merging Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth. In 1985‚ Kenneth Lay merged the natural gas pipeline companies of Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth to form Enron. In the early 1990s‚ he helped to initiate the selling of electricity at market prices and‚ soon after‚ the United States Congress passed legislation deregulating the
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