discovered by Lederberg and Tatum in 1946. In their experiment‚ they grew two strains of bacteria in separate vessels with rich medium and then together in one vessel containing the same medium. Then‚ they spread the three vessel contents onto medium agar plates and incubated them overnight at 37˚C. The only plate that showed cell growth was the plate containing the mixture of the two bacterial strains. The other two plates showed no growth. This experiment proved that in order for recombination to
Premium Plasmid Bacteria Molecular biology
or any other fast food chain. He gives us insight on what really is going into our food. “The medical literature on the causes of food poisoning is full of euphemisms and dry scientific terms: coliform levels‚ aerobic plate counts‚ sorbitol‚ MacConkey agar‚ and so on. Behind them lies a simple explanation for why eating a hamburger can now make you seriously ill:...” In this quote‚ from his book‚ Schlosser is explaining all the fancy ways of saying what we are really eating. This only further proves
Premium Fast Food Nation Hamburger United States
Alternative medicine has been around for centuries‚ although it has just started to become very popular in countries such as The United States. Many people now are following the trend without knowing anything about alternative medicine. People should be aware of the benefits as well as the precautions involved in taking these natural remedies. The most common form of alternative medicine nowadays is herbal medicines. These natural remedies can be found in millions of American homes today. Herbal
Premium Medicine Vaccination Vaccine
9-48 MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION (9000) 9221 MULTIPLE-TUBE FERMENTATION TECHNIQUE FOR MEMBERS OF THE COLIFORM GROUP* 9221 A. Introduction The coliform group consists of several genera of bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. The historical definition of this group has been based on the method used for detection (lactose fermentation) rather than on the tenets of systematic bacteriology. Accordingly‚ when the fermentation technique is used‚ this group is defined as all facultative
Premium Drinking water Escherichia coli Bacteria
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram negative bacilli ‚ non-motile and capsulated . It appears as a mucoid in MacConkey agar it’s ferment lactose. According to biochemical tests the klebsiella gave negative result for oxidase‚ indole‚ methyl red‚ hydrogen sulfide‚ phenylalanine‚ gelatin hydrolysis‚ DNase and lipase. On other hand klebsiella gave positive result for citrate‚ urease hydrolysis‚ lysine decarboxalyze‚ acid form lactose‚ acid form glucose‚ acid form sucrose‚ acid form maltose‚ acid form mannitol
Premium Bacteria Microbiology Pneumonia
spreader was applied with ethanol. 2. The glass spreader was flamed to sterilize it and remove any contaminating bacteria. 3. The pipette was used to place water on agar plate. 4. The glass spreader was used to spread the water sample over the agar plates. 5. The agar plates were closed and sealed with sticky tape. 6. The agar plates were placed in the incubator and left for 48 hours. 7. Once the plates had been incubated for 48 hours‚ they were observed and the FCU colony forming units were
Premium Water Chemistry Test method
B.Sc. First Year Semester – I Paper I .Fundamentals of Microbiology Credit - 1 1 Scope & relevance of Microbiology i) ii) iii) Definition & concepts Types of microorganism Distribution of microorganisms in nature 2. Development of Microbiology as a Scientific Discipline 1.1 History i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) Credit – 2 Early observation of microorganisms Spontaneous generation conflict : Contribution of scientists Recognition of the microbial role in diseases. Koch’s postulates Recognition of microbial
Premium Bacteria
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION The industrial attachment is an important part of the course structure of the university. This is the time students appreciate the theoretical work done in the lecture halls when seen practically. This attachment introduces the student to the outside world in terms of working experience and also prepares them for the future. The department of applied biology therefore introduced the industrial attachment program in its learning curriculum to give students a chance to combine
Free Blood Red blood cell Blood type
ABSTRACT Antibacterial activity of medicnal plants has turned out to be a global concern. Medicnal plants are very useful in treating various diseases. Antibiotics are an important class of pharmacological agents used for treating antibacterial infections. Although antibiotics were first isolated from fungi and bacteria but over the years more and more synthetic antibiotics has been synthesized‚ which are in great demand. This present study has been done to determine the antibacterial activity of
Premium Antibiotic resistance Bacteria Penicillin
the uses of bacteria. Throughout the investigation a series of experiments will be conducted to determine if metals such as nickel and aluminium have a resistance to E.coli K12 over a sequence of generations. To complete the investigation four Macconkey agar plates were inoculated with E.coli k12 and four paper discs of aluminium and nickel that were soaked in metal salts were placed into the plates to see the resistance that would occur over. Once resistance had occurred‚ the zone of inhibition was
Free Bacteria Antibiotic resistance Escherichia coli