Case 14: AMR - American Airlines VALUATION: VALUING A CORPORATE BOND ISSUE AMR is the parent company of American Airlines. In addition to its primary subsidiary‚ AMR also operates several airline support companies such as the SABRE group (reservations)‚ the Management Services Group‚ and American Eagle (a regional carrier). American Airlines is currently considering the issuance of a series of $1‚000 par bonds. The coupon rate offered‚ based on current market interest rates and the Standard
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Introduction The following report evaluates the marketing environment for the coffeehouse business‚ specifically Starbucks. The report will cover a brief background of the company and reasons to why Starbucks has been selected as a center group to display a marketing report. A macro environmental study will demonstrate important possible threats and opportunities for Starbucks. It will also look into further segmentation research‚ characteristics‚ views and behaviors within the consumer groups
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changeable marketing environment (Lovelock‚ 2002). The marketing environment can be assumed as a flexible system. Just like the human body which may die if it fails to adjust to environmental modifications‚ so the business also may lose if it does not adapt to external and internal changes (Sowell‚ 2011). Sargeant and Jay (2004) stated SWOT analysis contains specific indicators as to the key determinants of success in the company whereas most authors defined the marketing environment comprising microenvironment
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Macro Environment Forces An organization’s macro environment consists of nonspecific aspects in the organization surrounding that have the potential to affect the organization’s strategies. When compared to a firm’s task environment‚ the impact of macro environment variables is less direct and the organization has a more limited impact on these elements of the environment. Macro environmental variable include socio-cultural‚ technological‚ political – legal‚ and economic. A firm considers
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The U.S. airline industry has been in a chaotic state for a number of years. In 1993‚ a U.S. government report indicated that the industry had “Lost huge amounts of money in the past three years‚ and it has never made a sustained‚ substantial return on investment…” According to the Air Transport Association‚ the airline industry trade association‚ the loss from 1990 through 1994 was about $13 billion‚ while from 1995 through 2000‚ the airlines earned about $23 billion and then lost about $35 billion
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rapidly since 2001 and has been awarded as the World’s Best Low-Cost Airline in 2008‚ 2009‚ and 2010. One of the reasons for their success is by their strategy formulation‚ implementation‚ and control over the macroenvironment‚ discussed in this report‚ in terms of political‚ economic‚ social‚ technological‚ and natural forces‚ by turning risks into opportunities that benefit the company as a whole. 2.0 Political Environment 2.1 Government Assistance One of the major factors that assist in
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the globalization SMEs has generated‚ Cochlear ltd’s successful business direction need to be reformed. This essay outline and estimate Australia born global companies that entitled Cochlear study on marketing strategy according to macro-environment. Through four macro-environmental factors‚ it can be illustrated how it distinguishes from other markets based on Cochlear ltd’s global marketing mix. Firstly‚ are the economic aspect presented in the report and article to understand the competitor and
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Macro-Environment Analysis for AirAsia The factors of Macro-enviroment suggest that there is a huge scope of growth for AirAsia in Asia. The huge population with rise in middle class and a lot of disposable income together with the absence of affordable forms of transportation post a high demand for AirAsia as a low cost airline. It is also anticipated that due to the rapid urbanization trends the air travel market will continue to grow at a fast pace. The geographical structure of Asia which is
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international scheduled airline in the UK. The company was founded in 1919‚ and has continued to grow and expand since privatisation in 1987‚ until the global recession hit in 2008. On 23rd January 2009 the UK was officially declared to be in recession following two consecutive quarters in 2008 during which economic growth dropped (BBC‚ 2009). Many businesses‚ including British Airways‚ have found it increasingly difficult to survive in the resulting testing macroeconomic environment. The Recession A
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Discussion ………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………………………. 10 Appendix ………………………………………………………………………………………... 12 Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………… 14 SUMMARY This report explores how macro-environment forces can influence the strategic management of XX Organisation Holdings‚ a leading Singapore multiplex cinema operator. Three key forces and their potential impact on XX’s operations over the next decade will be discussed and from future trends
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