The latest Report to the Nations On Occupational Fraud and Abuse‚ the biennial study of global fraud by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners‚ finds that organizations lose an average of 5 percent of revenues to fraud each year‚ with a median loss of $140‚000. However‚ just over one-fifth of fraud schemes results in losses topping $1 million. Perhaps even more disturbing was the median length of time before the frauds were detected: 18 months. And‚ that’s not all; the study found that almost
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Nigerian‚ or "419"‚ scams are one of the most common types of fraudulent email currently hitting inboxes. Nigerian scam messages can also arrive via fax or letter. The messages claim that your help is needed to access a large sum of money‚ usually many millions of dollars. The money that the message claims does not exist. Those who initiate a dialogue with the scammers by replying to a Nigerian scam message will eventually be asked for advance fees supposedly required to allow the deal to proceed
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Financial Statements Fraud Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 Definition ............................................................................................................. 1 Purpose of Financial Statements Fraud ..................................................... 1 Financial Statement Fraud Schemes .....
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May 2011 pp. 19–50 American Accounting Association DOI: 10.2308/ajpt-50009 Financial Statement Fraud Detection: An Analysis of Statistical and Machine Learning Algorithms Johan Perols SUMMARY: This study compares the performance of six popular statistical and machine learning models in detecting financial statement fraud under different assumptions of misclassification costs and ratios of fraud firms to nonfraud firms. The results show‚ somewhat surprisingly‚ that logistic regression and support
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Title Page: Card Skimming Frequent Credit Card Fraud due to Card Skimming Background Credit Card Fraud is one of the biggest threats to business establishments today. Originally‚ credit cards simply carried raised numbers that were transferred to a carbon copy with a card-swiping machine. The merchant simply accepted any card presented. Spending limits and printed lists of lost/stolen cards were ineffective in preventing fraud and other financial losses. Merchants were required to telephone a
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ENRON CORPORATE FRAUD (2001) Submitted by: AMIT SHARMA PGDM (016)/09-11 What is FRAUD? In the broadest sense‚ a fraud is an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual. The specific legal definition varies by legal jurisdiction. Fraud is a crime‚ and is also a civil law violation. Many hoaxes are fraudulent‚ although those not made for personal gain are not technically frauds. Defrauding people of money is presumably the most common type of fraud‚ but there have
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Khanani and Kalia was one of the largest currency exchange companies in the country‚ founded in 1983 by Hanif Kalia. Khanani and Kalia claims to be Pakistan’s first ISO 9001 and 27001 certified Exchange company. The directors of the company were accused of violating the Foreign Exchange Regulations Act‚ the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Ordinance and the Pakistan Penal Code by operating a money transfer system based on personal contacts‚ known as Hawala. Munaf Kalia and Javed Khanani‚ directors
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Credit Cards Fraud Nowadays‚ computer technology is growing bigger and bigger. This tremendous and powerful improvement has its good and bad connotations. Credit cards are one popular invention of the computer era. According to www.1stamericancardservice.com‚ a credit card is a plastic card bearing an account number assigned to a cardholder with a credit limit that can be used to purchase goods and services and to obtain cash disbursements on credit‚ for
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newspapers are filled with stories of fraud and financial shenanigans. It has become daily occurrence that frauds of high profile cases break out and become headlines. Case after case has become routine. The shocking publicized financial scandals have shaken the underpinnings of our economic system. In the recent years there is enormous increase in occupational fraud. We have witnessed that our national enterprises have disclosed millions of rupees in financial fraud. Millions of rupees of public money
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Computer Fraud and Crimes In the world of computers‚ computer fraud and computer crime are very prevalent issues facing every computer user. This ranges from system administrators to personal computer users who do work in the office or at home. Computers without any means of security are vulnerable to attacks from viruses‚ worms‚ and illegal computer hackers. If the proper steps are not taken‚ safe computing may become a thing of the past. Many security measures are being implemented to protect
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