buried it is compacted as more and more material is deposited on top. Eventually the sediment will become so dense that it is essentially rock. This process is known as lithification. • Igneous rocks are rocks which have crystallized from a melt or magma. The melt is made up of various components of pre-existing rocks which have been subjected to melting either at subduction zones or within the Earth’s mantle. The melt is hot and so passes upward through cooler country rock. As it moves it cools and
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‘Evaluate how plate tectonics theory helps our understanding of the distribution of seismic and volcanic events’ In 1912‚ Alfred Wegener published his theory that a single super continent named Pangaea once existed about 300 million years ago. He proposed that Pangaea then later split into two continents of Laurasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the south and that today’s continents were the result of further splitting of these two land masses. Where the plates split are known as plate boundaries
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“Discuss the Extent to which volcanic and seismic activity are evidence for plate tectonic theory” (40) Plate tectonics is the theory that explains the structure and motion of the Earth’s lithosphere. The theory states that the Earth’s crust is split into large sections called tectonic plates‚ and these move relative to one another creating boundaries at which plates converge‚ diverge and move past each other. Alfred Wegener pioneered the theory of continental drift in the early 1900s which he supported
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the mountains‚ farming cannot be easily practiced because the land consist of bare and infertile rocks as well as due to inaccessibility for example Mt .Longonot and Menengai. Fig 1: Wheat growing 4 b) Tourism As volcanicity took place‚ magma spread over large area on the earth’s surface before it cooled down. This lead to the formation of plains and plateaus. This formed good habitats for different animal‚ bird and plant species such as flamingos at Lake Nakuru.This formed good attraction
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This results in a plume of magma rising through the mantle creating a thermal current. When this current reaches the surface it spreads through the asthenosphere‚ before cooling and sinking. These are the convection currents which move tectonic plates. Convection currents will only occur in liquid form and in warm conditions. Tectonic plate theory has evidence to prove that these currents do take place. We know that the mantle is liquid and has high temperatures as magma that originates in the mantle
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CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY In the early 20th century‚ German scientist Alfred Wegener published a book explaining his theory that the continental landmasses‚ far from being immovable‚ were drifting across the Earth. He called this movement continental drift. Wegener noticed that the coasts of western Africa and eastern South America looked like the edges of interlocking pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. He was not the first to notice this‚ but he was the first to formally present evidence suggesting
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rocks also it is connected with many of the other cycles in the earth. The rock cycle shows “one rock is the raw material for another” due to rocks going through three different phases: igneous‚ sedimentary‚ and metamorphic. Crystallization is when magma cools off; crystallization is also the formation of an igneous rock. This occurs in multiple ways‚ one is being under the earth’s surface or after an eruption on the surface. A number of weathering elements are exposed to this newly formed rock. The
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Introduction to Geology GEOL-101 Midterm 1 Review Based on the textbook: Understanding Earth‚ 6th Edition‚ by Grotzinger and Press CH 1: earth system Summary The human creative process‚ field and lab observations‚ and experiments help geoscientists formulate testable hypotheses (models) for how the Earth works and its history. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation focusing attention on plausible features and relationships of a working model. If a testable hypothesis is confirmed by a large
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Question 1 | | | | Correct. | | | Movements and interactions in the lithosphere and the internal Earth processes that drive them are referred to as the _____ cycle. | hydrologic | | metamorphic | | tectonic | | rock | Question 2 | | | | Correct. | | | The model that describes the movement of water through the reservoirs of the Earth System is called the _____ cycle. | rock | | hydrologic | | metamorphic | | tectonic | Question
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volcanic activity. These positive impacts are geothermal energy‚ tourism and fertile soils. The first positive impact I will discuss is geothermal energy. Geothermal energy is heat that is generated by the plumes of magma that rise from the earth’s core to the crust. This magma heats the rocks of the earth’s crust. Geothermal energy is used as a major source of energy in Iceland. Iceland is a volcanic island formed by tectonic forces along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. In Reykjavik‚ geothermal energy
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