merge – the oceanic plate is subducted under the continental one. As it is forced down there is an increase in pressure and friction causing small earthquakes quite often. As the crust is pushed down further into the mantle‚ the crust melts to form magma. Magma is constantly trying to escape the mantle and when it succeeds it can form a volcano like the one at Montserrat. THE ERUPTIONS FROM 1995-!998 1992 - The first Earthquakes begin to appear 1995 - The volcano erupts after
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highlands or mountain passes and valleys. •Volcanoes A volcano is an opening‚ or rupture‚ in the surface or crust of the Earth or a planetary mass object‚ which allows hot lava‚ volcanic ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber below the surface. Lava is a hot molten rock or magma that has erupted onto the Earth’s crust. Tephra refers to the airborne matter from a volcanic eruption.
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Super volcanoes We are now in year 2016‚ and I believe that almost all people in the United State remember the disaster film called “2012”. The catastrophe included great eruptions of super volcanoes in America‚ such as Yellowstone. There are a lot of scientists doing researches of super volcanoes‚ and trying to predict when will the super volcanoes erupt again. Today I would like to introduce some knowledge of super volcanoes‚ and the reason why people do not need to worry about hazards of eruptions
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large crater around the center of the volcano is a caldera. A caldera is a large basin-shaped volcanic depression resulting from the explosion of a center of a volcano. When a super volcano erupts‚ a few things happen. First‚ a magma pool must form underground. The magma rises to the earth’s crust but cannot break through‚ causing pressure. When the pressure becomes too great‚ the crust bursts‚ allowing the lava to escape. The area where the lava resided becomes the caldera. There are more than
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“The Eruption of Mount St. Helens” On May 18th‚ 1980‚ in Washington State‚ the volcano‚ Mount St. Helens erupted. This eruption caused widespread terror throughout the towns surrounding the mountain. The magma from the volcano burned up the forest and killed most of the animals in the area. It affected the wildlife greatly because‚ after the eruption‚ the ecosystem was burned and smoldered thus killing thousands of animals in the region. This eruption was the deadliest of all the volcanic activity
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Essay Question 1: Compare and contrast the topographical features at divergent and convergent plate margins. Subject: Earth Environments 1: Geomorphology and Soils Course Code: GEOG 1231 Divergent and convergent plate margins are both studied in plate tectonics; which is the study of the plates that makeup the lithosphere‚ their movements and how these movements has influenced changes in the surface’s topography (Strahler‚ 2011‚ 389). The driving force that causes these plate movements is the
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First‚ we’ll make sure we know what these terms mean. Igneous and metamorphic rocks: igneous – rocks that have formed from the cooling of magma. Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have been altered. Amphibole etc. These are types of minerals that are part of the recipe of igneous rocks. Plutonic: cooled beneath the earth surface Felsic: more feldspar mineral and more silica Mafic – more magnesium and iron rich minerals. Peridotite – the rock that forms in the mantle – lots of minerals
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Metamorphic and Igneous Rocks of the Hudson Highlands 3rd Field Report Abstract The entire region of the Hudson Highlands underwent high-grade metamorphism‚ and at a series of locations different intrusions occurred during the Grenville Orogeny. Certain evidences to help back up this claim are the presence of gneissic rock and index minerals such as Siliminite and Garnet. Since the mineral composition indicates granulite facies‚ then its protolithic content is pelitic‚ meaning shale/mudrock. Also
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In the early 1960s‚ the emergence of the theory of plate tectonics started a revolution in the earth sciences. Since then‚ scientists have verified and refined this theory‚ and now have a much better understanding of how our planet has been shaped by plate-tectonic processes. We now know that‚ directly or indirectly‚ plate tectonics influences nearly all geologic processes‚ past and present. Indeed‚ the notion that the entire Earth’s surface is continually shifting has profoundly changed the way
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volcano is composed of viscous rhyolitic lavas and pyroclastics and is typical of the magmas rising through the young fold mountains of the Andes. The eruption is said to have been triggered by a string of earthquakes that occurred on 30th April. Here is a diagram showing how Chaitén is located above a subduction zone formed where the Nazca and South American plates collide. In this subduction zone melting produces magma that rises towards the surface: Mount Etna is situated in Sicily‚ Italy and
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