Igneous rock is a Latin word meaning fire; these rocks are formed from volcanic activity. This rock is one of three types of rock including sedimentary and metamorphic rock. Igneous rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of lava or magma. Igneous rock can be formed with our without crystallization‚ below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Volcanic rocks also known as extrusive igneous rocks include all the products resulting from volcanic eruptions of
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Three Main Types of Volcanoes The three main types of volcanoes differ in shape‚ size‚ and make-up; the differences partly result from the different types of eruptions. Volcano Type Volcano Shape Volcano Size Volcano Materials Eruption Type UTAH example Cinder Cone Steep conical hill with straight sides Small less than 300m high cinders Explosive Diamond Cinder Cone‚ Washington County Shield Volcano Very gentle slopes; convex upward (shaped like a warrior’s shield) Large over 10s of kms
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Freshman Year Semester 1 Exam Study Honors Earth Science: Chapter 1: Branches of earth science Astronomy - study of objects beyond earths atmosphere Meteorology - study of air that surrounds the earth~ how air interacts us give us weather Geology- study of the materials that make up the earth and the processes that form and change those materials -4.6 billion Oceanography- study of earths oceans 3/4 Of earths surface * subspecialties are climatology‚ ecology‚ paleontology
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March 27 was typical of several small eruptions that would occur through April and early May. None of these eruptions were magmatic in character‚ but instead they were steam eruptions generated by the heating of groundwater above a rising plug of magma that had invaded the central conduit of the
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island and into the ocean on both sides. Boats escaping the harbor saw red magma under the water‚ and sub oceanic power and water lines from the mainland were broken by the eruption. In the initial eruption a curtain of lava 500 feet erupted from the fissure‚ after a few days the eruption was mostly from a single vent‚ with a cinder cone 300 feet tall. The lava flows from the eruption were a viscous slow moving basaltic magma. Average speeds
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location of this volcano is literally in a place where the continent of Africa is drifting apart(Asish Basu). The chain of the 8 volcanoes ranges to approximately 1‚200 miles. Because the continent is drifting apart‚ magma rises from below to fill the gap in the earth’s surface. The magma that rises to fill this crack crates what is called a bench. Throughout Nyiragongo’s history there have been violent and silent eruptions. Lava exploded from the fissureson the mountain‚ covering half of the city
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viscosity and velocity? The higher the temperature the lower the viscosity which allows it to develop a smooth surface skin‚ but this is quickly broken up by flow of molten lava‚ it creates a rough‚ clinkery surface. The lower the temperature of the magma the higher the viscosity which allows the lava to travel down the slope. In the group the average velocity was 0.91 cm/s . How the “lava” flowed was in a high viscosity and a low velocity because the “lava” was cold. The lava was thick and moved slowly
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mid-ocean ridge with that of igneous rock found farther away from the ridge. The ages of the igneous rock found near the mid-ocean ridge was younger than the igneous rock found farther away from the ridge. This is because of convection currents. Magma rises because it is less dense. It is forced out of the ridge‚ it spreads apart‚ and when it cools‚ it becomes new seafloor. This is why newer seafloor (igneous rock) is younger when it is closer to the ridge. 2. If the distance from a point on the
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spread. This is due to the viscosity of the lava being extremely high. One of the most famous stratovolcanoes is Mount Vesuvius. This volcano is known for its huge explosion that had taken out the whole town of Pompeii. When a stratovolcano erupts the magma chamber builds up until the volcano explodes. Thus causing major destruction‚ including‚ ash fall‚ huge lava flows and
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explosion. Some interesting facts about Mt. Yasur is that it’s most active through late February and April during the wet season. A lot of rain means a higher groundwater level‚ possible allowing water to come into contact with hot rocks around the magma chamber. Three people have been killed over the years because they wandered to lower‚ unsafe areas. Mt Yasur has been called “the lighthouse of the pacific” because the more-or-less continuous Strombolian and volcanic activity since Cook’s first sighting
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