m paper Chemistry Notes & Worksheet: Acids‚ Bases & Salt Name : __________________________________________________ ( ) Class : Secondary 3 Maju/Cemerlang Date : ______ August 2012 Acids Definition: Substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. Strong Acids | Weak Acids | Chemical Name | Chemical Formula | Organic acids such as citric acid‚ ethanoic acid. | Hydrochloric acid | HCl | | Sulphuric acid | H2SO4 |
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Covalent Bonding In a covalent bond‚ a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms. Each of the positively charged nuclei is attracted to the same negatively charged pair of electrons. The diagram: A and B are held together by this shared attraction. Covalent bonds are often drawn as dots and crosses diagrams to show that the electrons have come from two different atoms. Molecules have a certain fixed number of atoms in them joined together by covalent bonds. Examples: Bonding in hydrogen
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CALORIMETRY AND HESS’S LAW: FINDING ΔH FOR THE COMBUSTION OF MAGNESIUM MATERIALS: 12 oz. Styrofoam cup with lid‚ thermometer‚ 50-mL and 100-mL graduated cylinders‚ weighing boat‚ 1.0 M HCl‚ 1.0 M NaOH‚ magnesium ribbon‚ magnesium oxide‚ copper wire. PURPOSE: The purpose of this experiment is to determine the enthalpy change for the combustion of magnesium: Mg (s) + ½ O2 (g) → MgO (s) ΔHrxn = ΔH combustion by determining the ΔH values for reactions which can be combined together according
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Experiment on Metals Aim-To find out which of these metals will be most reactive with hydrochloric acid‚and plan an investigation to test it out.The Metals given:Calcium‚Aluminium‚Iron‚Magnesium and Zinc. Prediction-I predict that the metal will be the most reactive with hydrocholoric acid is calcium because calcium is in Group 2 which is the alkaline earth metals in the periodic table and because calcium is at the extreme left side of the periodic table and as you go across a period‚the element
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Experiment #1 Title: Physical and chemical changes‚ and measurements in the metric system Name: Goh Kian Shen Lecturer: Dr. Anne Kee Hooi Ling Section: Chemistry 107A Date lab was performed: 17 January 2013 Aim: The aim of the experiment is to understand physical and chemical changes of
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force and form a strong ionic bond to form sodium chloride (NaCl). Na - (e) = Na(+) Cl + (e) = Cl(-) Na(+) + Cl(-) = NaCl (2) Magnesium Oxide Magnesium Oxide is an ionic compound formed by the reaction between the metal magnesium and non-metal oxygen. During the reaction two electron is transferred from each magnesium atom to each oxygen atom. Magnesium atom with an electron arrangement of 2.8.2 is not stable thus it has to donate two electron to achieve
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teeth. It can be supplied in bottles of powder and liquid‚ which are mixed on a glass slab or paper pad using a spatula. The liquid in glass ionomer cement contains itaconic acid‚ tartaric acid‚ maleic acid and water. The powder includes zinc oxide‚ aluminum oxide and calcium. One of the best qualities about this type of cement is that it releases Fluoride‚ which helps prevent tooth decay. It slowly is released from this powder because of its special combination of glass‚ ceramic particles and a glassy
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Thermite Background: Thermite is a powder made from aluminum powder and a metal oxide [usually iron oxide (Fe2O3‚ known as rust)]. The thermite reaction is a redox reaction‚ where Aluminum reduces the oxide of another metal. For example‚ when using iron oxide (as I did) the equation would be Fe2O3(s) + 2 Al(s) -> Al2O3(s) + 2 Fe(l). Black or blue iron oxide (Fe3O4) could also be used. Other examples of possible oxides are manganese thermite (MnO2)‚ Cr2O3‚ and copper thermite (CuO). Aluminum can also
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sodium chloride‚ sodium carbonate‚ magnesium‚copper‚ copper (11) sulfate‚ silver nitrate‚ oxygen‚ lead(11) nitrate‚ sodium carbonate‚ copper (11) sulfate pentahydrate. The dependent variables are the chemical reactions that are being looked for. For example decomposition‚ synthesis‚ single displacement or double displacement of compounds or elements . Hypothesis: Part 1 : I believe that magnesium burning in oxygen will have synthesis reaction because the magnesium will react with the oxygen in the
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itself forms a protective coating. "For example‚ aluminium forms a thin protective oxide layer which is impervious to air and water. In other cases (e.g. iron)‚ however‚ the coating either flakes off or is pervious to both air and water. So the whole piece of metal can corrode right through." The most common forms of metallic corrosion are caused by electrochemical reactions‚ wherein two metallic phases (e.g.‚ iron oxide and iron) react in the presence of electrolytic solution. Another mechanism of
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