Introduction to the Magnetic Treatment of Fuel By R.J. Kita Hydrogen is the lightest and most basic element known to man. With its simple structure comprised of only one proton and one electron‚ it is one of the major constituents of all hydrocarbon based fuels. By studying the response of hydrogen with respect to magnetic fields and the accompanying increased energy output‚ much can be learned and applied to other related fuels. In the oxidation/combustion of hydrocarbon fuels‚ it is the outer shell
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Department of Applied Physics Electricity and Magnetism Assignment # 2 Due Date: 15 November 2013 1. a) Write brief notes on the Hall effect. Show on a diagram the polarity of the Hall Voltage‚ together with a given current and magnetic field direction‚ assuming the charge carriers to be conduction electrons. [5] b) Define electric dipole and the electric dipole moment. Write down an expression‚ in vector form‚ and show graphically the electric field intensity at point P on
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Lab Worksheet 1. Explain what it means when we say a substance is magnetic. It means that the substance has a lot of electrons that are creating magnetic fields. 2. Discuss the relationship between electric and magnetic fields. An electromagnetic wave generates both‚ electric and magnetic fields. A magnetic field can be induced by a wire conducting an electric current and a electric field can be induced in a coiled piece of copper wire if a magnet is moved through the center of the coiled wire
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directions they would repel. Discussion: This occurs due to the magnetic field created by the current. When the current is travelling in the same directions the north and south magnetic fields are closer and cause it to attract but when they are opposite the south and north fields are closest causing it to repel. Analysis: All electric currents cause magnetic fields and using the right hand rule‚ we can find which way the magnetic field is going by the direction the current
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idea of GMR is based on the change in the resistance of very thin (scale of nanometers) ferromagnetic materials when an external magnetic field is applied. The term “Giant” is to describe the size of the change in the resistivity in the order of 10% to 20%‚ considered to be enormous compared to the response of other magnetic sensors in the presence of an external magnetic field. Let us proceed with a historical overview‚ beginning from the original perception of the idea up to the creation of the
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AS Level Physics: Terms & Definitions:- Measurement Random errors are errors of measurements that result in a scatter of readings about a mean value. Systematic errors are errors of measurement which occur according to some fixed patterns such that they consistently give out an over-estimation or under-estimation of the true value. Accuracy is a measure of how close the results of an experiment agree with the true value. Precision is a measure of how close the results of an experiment
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the years EM came to stand for electromagnetic‚ referring to the way the units actuate‚ but their basic operation has not changed. Electromagnetic clutches come in many forms‚ including tooth‚ multiple disc‚ hysteresis‚ and magnetic particle. However‚ the most widely used version is the singleface design. ABOUT ELECTROMAGNETIC CLUTCH These electromagnetic clutches are designed to have a very high torque to size ratio. They include longlife
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starting point for advanced courses‚ but are usually first encountered as unifying equations after the study of electrical and magnetic phenomena. Symbols Used | E = Electric field | ρ = charge density | i = electric current | B = Magnetic field | ε0 = permittivity | J = current density | D = Electric displacement | μ0 = permeability | c = speed of light | H = Magnetic field strength | M = Magnetization | P = Polarization | Integral form | Differential form | | Index Maxwell’s equations
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in which their compass needles can point either “up” or “down” in relation to a magnetic field. Spin therefore lends itself elegantly to a new kind of binary logic of ones and zeros. The movement of spin‚ like the flow of charge‚ can also carry information among devices. One advantage of spin over charge is that spin can be easily manipulated by externally applied magnetic fields‚ a property already in use in magnetic storage technology. Another more subtle (but potentially significant) property of
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1. Rationale of the study Our new technology the energy transfer wherein energy can be transferred from a source to a load via coupled magnetic resonance in the non radiative near field that can be used in some equipment that used in some electric energy as a source like the electric vehicles (EVs). We can use this energy transfer as a charger to EVs by microwave beams and laser beams to realize the remote energy supply using directional antenna. However when there is a obstruction in the path
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