Explain the main principles of the classical forms of Utilitarianism (25 Marks) Utilitarianism was first created by Jeremy Bentham‚ he believed that human beings were motivated by pleasure and pain so he can be called a hedonist. Bentham said that all human beings pursued pleasure and wanted to avoid pain. As a hedonist‚ he believed that pleasure was the sole good and pain was the sole evil. He said ‘an action is right if it produces the greatest good for the greatest number’ this is where the greatest
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The ball mill is mainly used to grind materials in mineral‚ cement‚ refractory‚ chemical industry‚ etc. Ball Mill has dry and wet ways. When wet Ball Mill works‚ certain water and other liquid will be added into materials to increase flowability of materials‚ so the capacity is increased. When dry Ball Mill works‚ capacity is affected because material flowability is reduced‚ so absorbing wind device is needed on the outlet of Ball Mill‚ and then negative pressure is formed in the Ball Mill to increase
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Explain the main features of the theory of Utilitarianism The theory of Utilitarianism takes its name from the Latin word Utilis‚ meaning ‘useful’. It was first developed by Jeremy Bentham‚ a philosopher and legal theorist of the 18th century. Bentham sought to produce a modern and rational approach to morality which would suit the changing society of the industrial age. This was also the era of the French and American Revolutions‚ and of the Enlightenment‚ so orthodox morality was challenged
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Explain the main differences between Act and Rule Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is a theory‚ which first became widely acknowledge when it was adopted by its greatest advocate Jeremy Bentham. It is a theory that maintains that it is an action’s total consequence that determines its moral correctness. It is a theory not concerned with the effects of the action on the individual carrying out the action‚ but instead the effect it has on everybody affected by the action. It also maintains that it is
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1 I) Utilitarianism…………………………………….P.3 II) Introduction to the main idea of Utilitarianism : The Principle of Utility ………………………….P.6 The Greatest Happiness Principle…………….P.9 III) Two kinds of pleasure………………........…P.11 IV) The Calculation of Utility…………………....P.15 V) The measurement of utility……………..…..P.17 VI) The proof of Principle of Greatest Happiness……………………………….…..P.18 VII) The Harm Principle ………………………..P.19 VIII) Assessing Utilitarianism…………………..P.21 2 I) Utilitarianism: + Whenever
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ethical theory. For a discussion of John Stuart Mill’s essay Utilitarianism (1861)‚ see Utilitarianism (book). The Utilitarianism series‚ part of the Politics series Utilitarian Thinkers[show] Jeremy Bentham John Stuart Mill Henry Sidgwick Peter Singer Forms[show] preference utilitarianism rule utilitarianism act utilitarianism Two-level utilitarianism Total utilitarianism Average utilitarianism Negative utilitarianism animal welfare Abolitionism (bioethics) Hedonism
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Utilitarianism was a movement in the 18th century that soon would become one of the paramount ethical philosophies the world would contemplate. The basic principle of Utilitarianism involves calculation of happiness‚ in which actions are deemed good if they tend to produce pleasure and evil if they promote pain. A fairly simple concept‚ it would coined by the English philosopher Jeremy Bentham. Influence by Bentham‚ another philosopher‚ John Stuart Mill would follow with a very similar‚ yet ideologically
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Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is a moral theory generally considered to have been founded by Jeremy Bentham‚ a 19th century English philosopher and social reformer. It is centered on the concept of happiness‚ and those who seek it. The idea is that all people seek happiness‚ and that it is the ultimate goal of all human beings to be happy. Therefore‚ according to classical utilitarianism‚ when a person wishes to act in an ethically sound manner he or she should strive to bring about the greatest
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Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill are two philosophers with opposing views on the morality of an act. Mill’s utilitarianism theory places the focus of right and wrong solely on the outcome of an act rather than on the act itself. He believe that an act is right if the outcome promotes happiness in the majority of others; “it is not the quantity of pleasure‚ but the quality of happiness that is central to utilitarianism” (Utilitarian Theories). Kant’s theory (Kantian) is concerned with the motive
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Utilitarianism‚ by John Stuart Mill‚ is an essay written to provide support for the value of utilitarianism as a moral theory‚ and to respond to misconceptions about it. Mill defines utilitarianism as a theory based on the principle that "actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness‚ wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness." Mill defines happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain. He argues that pleasure can differ in quality and quantity‚ and that pleasures
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