Muscle and Nerve Preparation Preparation of Ringer ’s solution Dissolve 6.5 g of sodium chloride (NaCl)‚ 0.14 g of potassium chloride (KCl)‚ and 0.20 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in 800 mL of distilled water. Also‚ dissolve 0.16 g of hydrated calcium chloride (CaCl2.2H2O) and 0.39 g of hydrated magnesium sulfate (MgSO4.7H2O) in 100 mL of distilled water. Add the 100 mL cautiously to the 800 mL‚ stirring vigorously. Then make the final volume equal to 1 liter by adding more distilled water
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found in animals: connective‚ muscle‚ nervous‚ and epithelial. We are going to go into muscle tissue. The cells of muscle tissues are called fibers. There are three types of muscle tissue and they are skeletal‚ cardiac‚ and smooth. All types can go though hypertrophy (enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or part of the body due to the increased size of the constituent cells). Muscle fibers contract due to the interaction of the contractile proteins‚ actin and myosin. Muscle contraction generates contractile
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Gluteals are the group of muscles comprising of your buttocks. Out the four muscles in your buttocks‚ there are only 3 groups of muscle that can be found on your buttocks. These muscles are gluteus maximus‚ medius and minimus. The fourth group which is the smallest one is the tenor fasciae latae muscles that can be found in the anterior area of the body. Functioning together‚ the gluteal muscles handle most of the motions of the upper leg‚ which includes rotation of the thigh‚ and abduction and turning
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Muscle Fatigue Monira Begum How muscles work and get the energy they need to work. Muscles need energy to work and move. (1) Their main source of energy is glucose. Glucose is made of a number of different types of carbohydrates (usually sugar) as well as milk and fruits. Glucose turns into other chemicals such as water and carbon dioxide which releases energy. (2)Your muscles get warm when using or burning energy. Glucose is sent to muscles through red blood cells; this is how muscles get
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Have you ever wondered which body system helps bring oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to the heart? Well that system is called the Circulatory System or the Cardiovascular System. Have you ever wondered which body system helps bring air into the lungs? That system is called the Respiratory system. You are probably wondering why I am mentioning the Respiratory and Circulatory system? I am talking about them because‚ these are the two system that I am going to be comparing and contrasting in this
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Cartilage and bone are both stiff connective tissues which form an essential structural component of the body of animal organisms‚ including human beings. However‚ they are also quite different in both composition and function. Bones are extremely hard‚ dense tissue which provide a supportive frame for the body ‚ as well as serving as production and storage centers for cells and minerals‚ whereas cartilage is a more flexible tissue found in more specific locations of the body‚ essentially midway
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physically move‚ by using the muscles and skeletal system. It consists of the muscular system and the human skeleton. Bones are connected to each other at the joints by ligaments or cartilage and skeletal muscle is attached to bones‚ usually by tendons. Bones mass or density is lost as people age‚ especially in women after menopause. The bone loses calcium and other minerals. Bone is a constantly changing tissue that has several functions. Bones serve as rigid structures to the body and as shields to protect
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Before the motor neuron cone arrives the muscle fiber‚ AChR clusters are formed in the middle section of a muscle fiber. When the growing nerve cone attaches the muscle fiber‚ Agrin activates Lrp4‚ which then binds to the receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK‚ through this binding MuSK is phosphorylated and starts to form the neural and aneural AChR clustering (Burden 2011). Morphologic differences in the pre- and/or postsynaptic part of the NMJ can be a hint of a certain disease. In the following figure
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describe the major functions of the skeletal system. Elaborate. Support: the framework that supports the body and cradles the organs. Protection: surrounds the brain‚ spinal cord‚ and vital organs. Movement: bones are levers for muscles. Minerals: bones store calcium and phosphate. 2. Compare the axial skeleton with the appendicular skeleton. Axial: forms the long axis of the body and include the bones of the skull‚ vertebral column and the rib cage. Appendicular: consists of the bones of the
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According to recent studies‚ there are less than two hundred thousand cases of bone cancer per year. There are three varieties of bone cancer which are called chondrosarcoma‚ Ewing’s sarcoma‚ and osteosarcoma. The most dangerous out of the three is Ewing’s Sarcoma‚ which only seventy percent out of one hundred survive after five years of the diagnosis. Chondrosarcoma is also very dangerous if it has progressed further before treatment‚ making it only a twenty-five percent survival rate after five
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