From Chingis Khan to Ottoman:A Brief Introduction Notes prepared by Prof. Erdal Yavuz. For the definitions ‚ images‚ original texts as well as content‚ the following internet sources are primarily used: http://en.wikipedia.org/‚ http://www.m-w.com/ ‚http://www.questia.com/library/encyclopedia/‚ http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/WORLD.HTM ‚ http://www.allempires.com/ ‚http://www.bartleby.com/67/ ‚ http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ Turks and Mongols: AD 1000-1500 The first half of our own millennium was
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enough strong to dominate from north-western Iran to the Arab lands. Ottomans built a fleet that was competing with Venice and the Portuguese‚ they conquered the Mediterranean Sea and the coasts of North Africa. In 1517‚ Sultan Selim subdued the Mamluks in Syria and Egypt‚ and the Ottoman Sultan was recognized as a supreme ruler of the holy cities of Mecca and Medina. The character of the new empire was absolutist‚ militaristic‚ bureaucratic‚
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Introduction The most extremist pseudo-Sunni movement today is Wahhabism (also known as Salafism). While many may think that Wahhabi terror is a recent phenomenon that has only targeted non-Muslims‚ it will surprise many to know that the orthodox Sunni Muslims were the first to be slaughtered in waves of Wahhabi massacres in Arabia hundreds of years ago. One only has to read the historical evolution of Saudi Arabia to know the gruesome details of the tragedy – a tragedy in which thousands of Sunni
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Description of Country Syria is a country located in the Middle East‚ bordering the Mediterranean Sea‚ between Lebanon and Turkey. The modern nation of Syria did not exist until the 20th century‚ although the idea of Syria has been in existence since at least the time of the Prophet Muhammad. The name “Syria”‚ was first used by the Greeks‚ historically identifying the region at the eastern end of the Mediterranean lying between Egypt and Asia Minor. Greater Syria‚ the larger region (called
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History of Alexandria From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search The history of Alexandria dates back to the city ’s founding‚ by Alexander the Great‚ in 331 BC. Yet‚ before that‚ there were some big port cities just east of Alexandria‚ at the western edge of what is now Abu Qir Bay. The Canopic (westernmost) branch of the Nile Delta still existed at that time‚ and was widely used for shipping. After its foundation‚ Alexandria became the seat of the Ptolemaic rulers of
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Cultural Heritage of Pakistan Turkish Influence On the Subcontinent Submitted by: Abdus Samad Khan Submitted to: Prof. Qamar Abbas The invasion of the Turks at the turn of the eleventh century from Central Asia had wide-ranging results on the historical background of Medieval as well as advanced India. The Turks built the politico-military control over significant areas of the nation and fortified the Religion Islam that they professed and sustained the Islamic refinement
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Contribution of Muslim Scholars to the Development Of Economics as a Science By Talha Waqar Generally‚ Western historians of ideas trace the beginnings of intellectual history from the Greco-Roman period‚ which ended around 300 BC‚ and then focus on the Renaissance (13th-16th century AD). The history of scientific‚ social and cultural thought during the period 300 BC to 12th century AD is either glossed over or ignored altogether. This presumed gap in the history of ideas is called "History’s Black
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 Geography of Lebanon Lebanon is today a small republic stretching approximately 160 kilometers along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea with a total area of 10‚452 kilometers square and an estimated population of 3‚874‚050 according to an independent 2006 estimate‚ including Palestinian refugees and foreign workers‚ mainly Syrian. Lebanese territory is dominated mostly by mountains which consist of the parallel ranges of the Lebanon and the Anti-Lebanon. Between the Lebanon
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HISTORY PROJECT Submitted to: - Ms. Rohma Javed Rashid By: - Aman Ahmad B.A. LL.B. (H) 1st Year
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Jericho From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia This article is about the city in the West Bank. For other uses‚ see Jericho (disambiguation). Jericho | Other transcription(s) | • Arabic | أريحا | • Also spelled | Ariha (official) | • Hebrew | יריחו | The city of Jericho | Municipal Seal of Jericho | | JerichoLocation of Jericho within the Palestinian territories | Coordinates: 31°51′N 35°27′ECoordinates: 31°51′N 35°27′E | Governorate | Jericho | Founded | 9000 BC |
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