respond to a stimulus and are basic for survival. For example‚ the rooting reflex is when the baby turns its head toward the direction of a stimulus to the cheek. This reflex facilitates the sucking reflex in order for the newborn to receive nutrients. Another sensory stimulation is bright lights which will cause the eye-blink reflex. Most of the reflexes are important to test for neural function because the absence of a reflex could indicate brain damage‚ immaturity‚ or slow responsiveness. Another
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CS306- INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS Part – A 1. There are well-known classes of problems that are intractably difficult for computers‚ and other classes that are provably undecidable. Does this mean AI is impossible? (2) No‚ it means that AI systems should avoid trying to solve intractable problems. Usually this means they can only approximate optimal behavior. Notice that even humans do not solve NP- complete problems. Sometimes they are good at solving specific instances with a lot of structure
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useful type of PNF is the CRAC (contract-relax‚ antagonist-contract) technique‚ which uses isometric muscle contractions as its basis. PNF stretching is best performed with a partner. Muscle recruitment is enhanced through the use of the appropriate reflex and proprioceptive stimuli. The efficient recruitment of motor patterns involves the use of the following PNF
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Pediatric Case Study Patient Initials: AM Birthdate: 1-20-2013 Admission: 1-20-2013 Discharge: 1-22-2013 Diagnosis Diagnosis: Single Live Birth via Cesarean Section Definition: An infant showing one of the three evidences of life (breathing‚ heart action‚ movements of a voluntary muscle) after complete birth. In some countries a live birth is considered not to have occurred if the infant dies during the 24 hours following delivery. Which of these two definitions is used
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1. Compare the reaction times for voluntary vs. involuntary activation of the quadriceps muscle. What might account for the observed differences in reaction times? Outline what has to occur in the body for each reaction to occur. Refer to your drawing from Step 24. Information from the flow chart you created in Activity 2.2.1 might also be helpful. The involuntary activation of the quadriceps muscle was faster than voluntary time; the reason could be that when you had to hear the sound for
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protecting the brain from mechanical injury (1 mark each) (Total: 6 marks) B. True or false 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F (1 mark each) (Total: 5 marks) C. Multiple choice 1. C 2. A (1 mark each) (Total: 2 marks) 16.4 Reflex action 16.5 Voluntary action A. Multiple choice 1. A 2. A 3. A (1 mark each) (Total: 3 marks) B. Question 1. (a) The stimulus should be applied on the tendon below the knee cap. (1 mark) (b) The leg would give a little kick.
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perform various dives. The Dives and Application To do a front dive a diver pushes his hips upward just slightly as he leaves the board. After he had begun to go up into the air‚ he throws his arms downward just enough to make is upper torso rotate around his hips. At the peak of the dive‚ the diver tightens his stomach muscles and pulls his legs up towards the sky‚ leaving his body in a perfect upside-down position to enter the water head-first. In order to perform a front dive with a somersault
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Questionnaires were collected from four dive schools in total‚ with the majority being collected from dive schools 1 and 2. The other questionnaires were opportunistically collected. Several dive schools were asked to allow data collection during or after trips to MUSA‚ out of those that agreed the most practical were selected. One dive school did not agree because they did not want to over question their customers. Data collection differed depending on the dive school. For dive school 1‚ questionnaires were
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Types of aerial locomotion Animal aerial locomotion can be divided into two categories - powered and unpowered. In unpowered modes of locomotion‚ the animal uses on aerodynamics forces exerted on the body due to wind or falling through the air. In powered flight‚ the animal uses muscular power to generate aerodynamic forces. Animals using unpowered aerial locomotion cannot maintain altitude and speed due to unopposed drag‚ while animals using powered flight can maintain steady‚ level flight as
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Each hemisphere of the brain also has a cingulate gyrus part of the limbic system Limbic system includes cingulate gyrus‚ amygdala‚ and hippocampus Emotion‚ learning‚ and memory Cerebral cortex consists of sensory‚ motor‚ and association areas Association areas integrate sensory data into perception Motor outputs control target tissues The noradrenergic system originates from the locus coeruleus in the pons Its axons terminate through the brain disseminates noradrenaline throughout
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