FIELD EXPERIMENTS IN ECONOMICS By: Ravisha Sodha INTRODUCTION: Field experiments occupy an important middle ground between laboratory experiments and naturally occurring field data. The underlying idea behind most field experiments is to make use of randomization in an environment that captures important characteristics of the real world. Distinct from traditional empirical economics‚ field experiments provide an advantage by permitting the researcher to create exogenous variation in the variables
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value-maximizing principle. How are reputational concerns related to this principle? Firms use the value-maximizing decisions through incentives‚ constraints and punishments to achieve the most profitable outcome. Reputational concerns are tied to this principle due to the fact that increased profits may play as incentives and motivators which can encourage unethical decisions that can mar a firm’s reputation. 3) Define the Nash equilibrium. Why is this concept applicable to many oligopoly
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Managerial Economics HW #4 (Chapter 5) 1.A firm can manufacture a product according to the production function Q F(K‚ L) K3/4L1/4 a. Calculate the average product of labor‚ APL‚ when the level of capital is fixed at 16 units and the firm uses 16 units of labor. How does the average product of labor change when the firm uses 81 units of labor? Saat (Capital) K = 16 (Labour) L = 16 Q = (16)0‚75(16)0‚25 Q = (8)(2) = 16 APL =Q/L =16/16=1. Saat K= 16 Q= 81 Q = (16)0‚75(81)0‚25 Q = (8)(3)
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transaction cost economics. Some organizations struggle whether or not to outsource the IT division. The company has two choices for any economic activity: going outside to market or perform the activities in-house. In any case‚ the cost of the activity is divided into production costs‚ and transaction costs. Production costs in the case of the in-house division‚ includes hardware and software‚ whereas the transaction cost‚ which are the activities related to implementing the economic activity includes
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Managerial Economics & Business Strategy Chapter 4 The Theory of Individual Behavior McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by the McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. All rights reserved. Overview I. Consumer Behavior – Indifference Curve Analysis. – Consumer Preference Ordering. II. Constraints – The Budget Constraint. – Changes in Income. – Changes in Prices. III. Consumer Equilibrium IV. Indifference Curve Analysis & Demand Curves – Individual Demand. – Market Demand. 4-2 Consumer
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(Prof. Alfred Marshall) We can define Nat ional Income as t he collective achievement of a nat ion. In t his way‚ t he Nat ional Income is t he aggregat e of t he individual incomes. (Prof. Gardner Ackley) Nat ional Income is t he basic concept of economic‚ which refers t o t he market value of t he goods and services produced during a part icular year. (Prof. Richard Lipsy) CONCEPTS OF NATIONAL INCOme ----1.GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUct Total value of output (goods and services) produced by the factors
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$10‚000 Utilities $1‚000 Interest on bank loan $10‚000 ________________________________________ Calculate (a)the explicit costs‚ (b) the implicit costs (c) the business profit (d) the economic profit and (e) the normal return on investment in the business. a) Explicit Costs = $45‚000 + $15‚000 + $10‚000 + $1‚000 + $10‚000 = $81‚000 b) Implicit Costs = Opportunity Cost – which is her salary foregone = $25‚000 c)
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| THE FILM INDUSTRY | Economics for Managerial Decision Making | Research Paper Fall 2011‚ Term2 | | 12/7/2011 | | Authors: Praveen Menon Introduction: The film industry consists of the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking: i.e. film production companies‚ film studios‚ cinematography‚ film production‚ screenwriting‚ pre-production
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Test #2 Practice Test #2: Answer Key Exam number 2 will take place on Monday‚ April 8th‚ 2013. This‚ the second of two practice exams‚ will be the subject of class on Wednesday. It will not be graded‚ but will serve only as practice material accurately representing the content and format of the exam. 1.) Walter used to work as a high school teacher for $40‚000 per year but quit in order to start his own painting business. To invest in his painting business‚ he withdrew $20‚000 from his savings
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INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE COURSE OUTLINE: MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS PGDM 2013-15 INSTRUCTORS Dr. Rajeev Anantaram (ranantaram@imi.edu) Dr. Arnab Deb (arnab.deb@imi.edu) 1. COURSE DESCRIPTION In a scenario characterized by increasing uncertainty and competition‚ managers will be called upon to make increasingly complex decisions that will have a crucial bearing on the prospects of the firm they work for. Indeed‚ even Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) are increasingly faced with the challenge
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