$10‚000 Utilities $1‚000 Interest on bank loan $10‚000 ________________________________________ Calculate (a)the explicit costs‚ (b) the implicit costs (c) the business profit (d) the economic profit and (e) the normal return on investment in the business. a) Explicit Costs = $45‚000 + $15‚000 + $10‚000 + $1‚000 + $10‚000 = $81‚000 b) Implicit Costs = Opportunity Cost – which is her salary foregone = $25‚000 c)
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1) Discuss the owner-manager conflict within the firm. Provide two real world manifestations of the conflict. Owner-manager conflicts finds it basis on the self-interested behaviors of managers‚ owners and shareholders. Firm managers may have personal goals that conflict with the owner’s goals of maximizing shareholder wealth. Potential conflicts occur when managers seek to maximize their own utility at the expense of the firm’s shareholders. Conflict between owners and managers typically arise
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Managerial Economics Q.1.0) For each of the following events‚ assume that either the supply curve or the demand curve (not both shifted). Explain which curve shifted and indicate the direction of the shift. a.From 1950 to 1979 the wages paid to fruit pickers increased while the number of fruit pickers employed decreased. b.During the same period the price of radio sets declined‚ while the number of radio sets purchased increased. c.Housing prices are rising but more houses are sold. d.Australian
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transaction cost economics. Some organizations struggle whether or not to outsource the IT division. The company has two choices for any economic activity: going outside to market or perform the activities in-house. In any case‚ the cost of the activity is divided into production costs‚ and transaction costs. Production costs in the case of the in-house division‚ includes hardware and software‚ whereas the transaction cost‚ which are the activities related to implementing the economic activity includes
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E -11 DM 5 DL 4 VMO 3 FMO = 180‚000/50‚000 = 3.6 Total = 15.6 15.6 * 5‚000 (50‚000-45000) = 78‚000 E-12 DM 5 DL 4 VMO 3 Cost per unit = 12 $ EIV = 12 * 5000 = 60‚000 E-13 Difference 3.6 * 5000 = 18‚000 And 78‚000 – 60‚000 = 18‚000 E-14 CGS sold = 45000(sold) * 15.60 = 702‚000 E15 12 * 45000 = 540‚000 E16 Sales = 30 * 45‚000 = 1‚350‚000 CGS 702‚000 CM 648‚000 Less S & admin. 160‚000 Net income 488‚000 E17 Sales =
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University of Lethbridge Econ 3030Y – Managerial Economics PRACTICE MIDTERM EXAMINATION Fall 2012 Marks: 80 Time: 2 hours The examination is out of 80 marks. You have 2 hours to complete it – please note the value of each section and plan your work accordingly. This is your opportunity to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of the material. A premium will be placed on the clarity of the exposition. Question 1 (10 marks) Copy the following table in your examination booklet‚ complete
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Answers to Textbook Questions Chapter 1 Answers to Problems 1. The market value of production is (300 fish x 1 clamshell each) + (5 boars x 10 clamshells each) + (200 bunches of bananas x 5 clamshells each) = 300 + 50 + 1000 = 1350. Al’s digging bait represents an intermediate service‚ which is not counted in GDP‚ nor is the purchase of an existing asset (mature banana trees) counted in GDP. So the GDP of the island is 1350 clamshells. 2. Value added by each firm is as follows: Intelligence
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Sessions 4 & 5 Elasticity and Its y Applications Readings Hirschey: Economics for Managers‚ 2009 (Fifth Indian Reprint)‚ South-Western Cengage Learning – Chapter 5 Hubbard & O’Brian: Microeconomics (First Edition)‚ Pearson Education India – Chapter 6 Mansfield‚ Allen‚ Mansfield Allen Doherty and Weigelt: Managerial Economics: Theory‚ Applications and Cases (Fifth Edition)‚ W. W. Norton and Company – Chapter 3 Thomas and Maurice: Managerial Economics: Concepts and
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Solution to Homework #3 4. a. Y 10 8 6 Optimal Solution X = 2.5‚ Y = 2.5 4 8 (2 2 .5) +1 2 (2 2 .5) =5 0 4 X 6 8 10 b. The value of the optimal solution to the revised problem is 8(2.5) + 12(2.5) = 50. Compared to the original problem‚ the value of the optimal solution has increased by 50 48 = 2. Thus‚ the dual value is 2. c. The right-hand side range for constraint 1 is 5 to 11. As long as the right-hand side stays within this range‚ the dual value of 2 is applicable. Since increasing
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PAPER ON EFFECTS OF MARKET STRUCTURE OF AN INDUSTRY ON THE CONDUCT AND PERFORMANCE OF A FIRM This paper provides an overview of telecommunications industry in Kenya and discusses how structure of the industry can affect the conduct of a firm within an industry and also explores how market structure and conduct of the firm affect the firm’s performance. It also offers some ideas regarding the future of the telecommunications sector in Kenya. Introduction Kenya ’s earliest telecommunications connections
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