features such as a huge jaw and cheekbones and end a sagittal crest. The Australopithecus boisei lived about 2.3 to 1 million years ago and sometimes went through periods of dry periods where there adaptations would help them such as “It’s cranium and mandible appear built to resist the stresses associated with heavy chewing‚ and provide copious attachment areas for massive muscles of mastication”(Unger1). The cranium and
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DISCUSSION Sample Our hypothesis was that the evening out of the occlusion between mandible and maxillary teeth would allow the body to be more balanced in space and neurometabolically‚ but small sample of students and staff from the university setting narrowed the demographics of the participants to that of relatively well-kept dental care. The small sample size was the greatest limitation to the study‚ making this study representative of a pilot study. These participants were in the ages between
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loads in the lower extremity. J Biomech 30:1123-1131. Grant PG (1973). Biomechanical significance of the instantaneous center of rotation: the human temporomandibular joint. J Biomech 6:109-113. Gysi A (1921). Studies on the leverage problem of the mandible. Dent Digest 27:74-84‚ 144-150‚ 203-208. Koolstra JH‚ van Eijden TMGJ (2007). Consequences of viscoelastic behavior in the human temporomandibular joint disc. J Dent Res 86:1198-1202. Koolstra JH‚ Tanaka E‚ van Eijden TMGJ (2007). Viscoelastic material
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downregulate it forcefully. Follow the downregulation‚ the protein transcripted by SOX9 gene is reduced‚ also its function to activate the genes induce bone development. As a result‚ bones cannot form properly and the one is most affected is the mandible. Follow the mandibular defect‚ the tongue in push inward and narrow the respiratory tract. The trunk of the tongue also is deviated upward‚ which impair the closure of the
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For Antero-posterior (AP) Projection of Cervical Spine § The areas from superior portion of C3 to T12 should be visible on the radiographic image. § There should be a superimposition of the shadows of the mandible and occipital over the atlas and most of the axis seen on the radiographic image showing that the patient extend the chin enough to be able to see fully the cervical vertebrae well. § The cervical spine was not seen rotated on the radiographic image
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cavity. then the nasal bones that are joint at the midline that forms the superior margin of the nasal opening.then the zygomatic bone that forms the upper lateral corner of the cheek from the lower eye orbit around to the temporal bone. then the mandible or the lower jaw bone and the maxilla or the lower jaw bone. then let’s move on to the hyoid bone. hyoid bone is not really part of the vertebral column . this bone is a u-shaped bone in our throat .it serves as an attachment for the tongue muscles
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Dissection lab In the past 3 weeks we have been dissecting animals of all different sorts. We dissected a worm‚ crayfish‚ grasshopper‚ and a perch (fish). In my conclusion I will explain the diet‚ habitat‚ and how these relate to the structure of these animals. First I am going to be talking about the worm. The Earthworms have setae in groups around or under their body. The setae‚ paired in groups on each segment‚ can be moved in and out to grip the ground or the walls of a burrow. Worms travel
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Woodward he reconstructed the fossils to produce an unlikely result (Dawson and Woodward 1913). If it were to be more critically scrutinised‚ they may have reached the more accurate conclusion that many contemporaries reached – that the skull and mandible belonged to two different species (Feder 1990). It may be argued that it was Dawson’s inexperience that was at fault‚ however‚ the same cannot be said about Woodward
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oculi Platysma Splenius capitis Sternocleidomastoid Supraspinatus Trapezius Zygomaticus Movement(s) Performed Example: Abducts the arm Raises eyebrows‚ wrinkles forehead Elevates and retracts the scapula and abducts the neck Elevates the mandible Draws lips together Draws scalp back Closes the eye Wrinkles skin of the neck and depresses corner of the mouth Extends head/neck‚ bends and rotates head Flexes head and neck (prayer muscle)‚ rotates head Assists in abducting the arm (part
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BioLab3 Bones and Muscles Summary Report Student Name: I. Skeletal system A. Long Bone Structure Define the following terms. Bone Organ of the skeletal system Cartilage Serves as a cushion Ligament Dense‚ regular connective tissue/bone to bone Tendons Dense‚ regular connective tissue/ bone to muscle Osteocytes Separated by an extracellular matrix hardened by deposits of calcium salts Diaphysis Long shaft of compact bone Compact bone Solid and dense
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