they must ask themselves a number of questions. We must remember that marketing is fundamentally about providing the correct bundle of benefits to the end user‚ hence the saying “Marketing is not about providing products or services it is essentially about providing changing benefits to the changing needs and demands of the customer” For a more detailed analysis please refer to principles of marketing by P.Kotler: {draw:frame} Kotler suggested that a product should be viewed in three
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expectations for revenue accounts Recognize factors that lead to precise expectations of account balances Appreciate the degree of professional judgment involved in evaluating differences between expected and reported account balances Understand the audit planning implications of using analytical procedures as substantive tests of account balances Burlington Bees‚ an independent‚ minor league baseball team‚ competes in the North-west Coast League. The team finished in second place in 200X with
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Standards Introduction Self-regulated: the standards governing audits were established by members of the profession themselves Sarbanes-Oxley Acct of 2002 Created: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) to provide external and independent oversight over the audits of public entities Responsible for registering public accounting firms‚ establishing standards for audit engagements‚ and inspecting the quality of audits conducted by public accounting firms ****Generally Accepted Auditing
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the circumstances and opinion expressed by an auditor‚ where he is unable to obtain sufficient audit evidence. 2. Auditors of M/s Santa Banta (P) Ltd. were changed for the accounting year 2010-11. However there was no change in the position of closing stock which remained at ` 400 lacs . The auditors of the company propose to exclude the audit of closing stock of ` 400 lacs from their audit programme on the understanding that it pertains to the preceding year which was audited by another
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1 Chapter 7: Audit Evidence I. Definition: Evidence – information used by the auditor to draw conclusions on the fair presentation of the financial statements. Audit objectives suggest the types of evidence to accumulate. II. Decisions on evidence accumulation A. Which audit procedures to use. General Objectives: Six TRAOs Eight BRAOs Four PDAOs Accounting Cycles: Five Management Assertions Specific Objectives: At least: Six TRAOs Eight BRAOs Four PDAOs Audit Procedures: At least one
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CHAPTER 20 Audit of Cash Balances Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc. 20 - 1 What are the auditor’s primary concerns with regard to cash? Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc. 20 - 2 What are the auditor’s primary concerns with regard to cash? - existence Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc. 20 - 3 What are the auditor’s primary concerns with regard to cash? - existence - completeness Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc
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AUDITING THEORY 1. Which of the following activities is an analytical procedure an auditor would perform in the final overall review stage of an audit to ensure that the financial statements are free from material misstatement? A. Reading the minutes of the board of directors’ meetings for the year under audit. B. Obtaining a letter concerning potential liabilities from the client’s attorney. C. Comparing the current year’s financial statements with those of the prior year. D. Ensuring that
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great deal about the common attributes of our most prized and loyal customers. Sarto’s gourmet pasta will leverage this information to better understand who is served‚ their specific needs‚ and how sarto’s can better communicate with them. External audit External macro-environmental factors Economic factors: pasta sales are expected to grow by at least 10% for the next years. One of the reasons for this is the increase in number of hours people are working‚ which has resulted in more number of people
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and overwhelming domination of the mobile handset market‚ Nokia Corp. is entering unknown territory as its core product segment matures‚ leaving it to reorganize and transform operations in the midst of a sweeping recession. Although the company remains a strong competitor in all of its business segments—including the wireless infrastructure market‚ where it has a joint venture with Siemens AG—the reorganization plans announced in recent months indicate Nokia is feeling the heat from the global
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PEST ANALYSIS The market environment is a marketing term and it refers to all of the forces outside of marketing that affect marketing management’s ability to build and maintain successful relationships with target customers. Company‚ its suppliers‚ distributors‚ and its competitors are also impacted by what is happening in the world. To succeed therefore‚ it is necessary to continuously monitor‚ anticipate‚ and adapt‚ to that environment‚ and wherever possible‚ shape that environment. The
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