Halal Certification: an international marketing issues and challenges by Shahidan Shafie1 Prof. Dr. Md Nor Othman2 Faculty of Business & Accountancy Universiti Malaya‚ Kuala Lumpur‚ Malaysia Abstract Marketing of products and services in the Muslim countries presents a very challenging task to multinational companies (MNC) due to the difference in political‚ economy and socio-cultural aspects. At the same time‚ MNC could not “avoid” targeting Muslim countries as their source of expansion as these
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Generally An estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time is called budget. A budget is a financial document used to project future income and expenses. The budgeting process may be carried out by a country‚ individuals or by companies to estimate whether the country /person/company can continue to operate with its projected income and expenses. The finance minister‚ AMA Muhith‚ has proposed national budget for fiscal year 2012-13 on June 7‚ 2012 with a total outlay of Tk 1‚91‚738 crore
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1 Budget 2013-2014 Speech of P. Chidambaram Minister of Finance February 28‚ 2013 Madam Speaker‚ I rise to present the Budget for the year 2013-14. 2. I recall my last tenure as Finance Minister and acknowledge with gratitude the splendid support that I received from all sections of the House as well as the people of India. Today‚ more than ever‚ I seek the same support as we navigate the Indian economy through a crisis that has enveloped the whole world and spared none. 3. I
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The Capital Budget Instructor: Dr. Joseph McCue Public Budgeting and Finance - PAD 505 August 11‚ 2013 The Oklahoma City budget includes the addition of 40 new police officer positions‚ bringing the total number of uniform police positions to 1‚116. Eleven more positions were added in other City departments. Total City positions will increase 1.1 percent to 4‚580. The budget also includes an additional $1 million for METRO Transit bus service enhancements. The City hired
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.................................................................................................................... 17 Automatic generation of Recurring Income Entries ...................................................................... 18 The Budget
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Meaning and Need for Budget Everyone is familiar with the idea of a budget because it is essential in every walk of our life – national‚ domestic and business. A budget is prepared to have effective utilisation of funds and for the realisation of objectives as efficiently as possible. Budgeting is a powerful tool to the management for performing its functions (i.e.‚ formulating plans‚ coordinating activities and controlling operations etc.) efficiently. CIMA London defines budget as‚ “A plan quantified
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California Budget Crisis Rozlyn Brown Comm/215 BSDC0TEBB5 Michele Watson Poor money management of the State of California has caused people to suffer. The global recession has caused California and many other states to plummet. In the Los Angeles Times California deficit is said to be $25.4 billion according to the states chief analyst. The state of California has taken drastic measure to fix this problem. Fixing the problem includes layoffs
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Unit 330 Agree a Budget Before developing a draft budget I have the previous financial year’s budget‚ income statements and the cash flow for my consideration within the future budget. It was really helpful although the new orders are due within the next year and I had to recalculate income and variable expenses. I have prepared a list of all the incomes and expenses and put them together to use as estimations for developing a draft budget. This list should always be prepared before the start
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Cash Budgets CASH BUDGETS A cash budget is a budget that focuses on cash receipts and payments that are expected to occur in the future. Cash management is one of the main important factors in a business. A company that experiences cash shortages could be forced into bankruptcy in the future. Businesses that have excess cash can lose the opportunity to earn investment income or can reduce interest costs by repaying debt. A cash budget can tell management anticipated cash shortages or excess
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( http://www.accountingformanagement.com/production_budget.htm ) Production Budget: Learning Objective of the article: 1. Define and explain production budget. 2. Prepare a production budget. Definition and Explanation of Production Budget: The production budget is prepared after the sales budget. The production budget lists the number of units that must be produced during each budget period to meet sales needs and to provide for the desired ending inventory. Production needs can be
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