toward the end of the 19th century‚ industrialized cities across Europe and the United States witnessed a new kind of pollution which was caused by the waste of industries and factories. The rivers became polluted and diseases were spreading for there was lots metals and industrial chemicals being dumped in the rivers. Water and air pollution was increasing massively in the U.S. towards the 20th century. For example the river of Cuyahoga In Cleveland was so polluted
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toward a person based solely on their social standing. Discrimination is negative actions or behavior addressed towards a certain group of people according to their gender‚ the color of skin‚ social class‚ etc. In the late 19th century following on the heels of the "age of enlightenment" and entering the "Industrial Revolution" in France Alexander Comte believed that using the techniques of science‚ could be applied to the study of society. Thus entered the sociology into academia
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The 19th century guano/nitrates trade illustrates the emergence of a global metabolic rift‚ as guano and nitrates were relocated from Peru and Chile to enrich the soils of Britain and other imperial countries. This global metabolic rift created the decline of soil fertility in Britain and importation of Chinese “Cooley” labor to Peru‚ (Foster 359-361)‚ through a law that was coercing‚ deceiving and even kidnapping Chinese for the slave trade. They were in such inhumane labor conditions that most
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Theology Final Essay 1: During the late 18th Century‚ views on religion were beginning to change. While in previous generations‚ those who were educated were believers; society had advanced and developed a stronger focus in the arts and sciences‚ which caused roles to reverse. Those who were educated became nonbelievers‚ which resulted in a wave of new philosophy being written by the likes of Feuerbach‚ Marx‚ Nietzsche and Freud‚ arguing strictly against religion. To respond to these critics‚ theologians
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stay out of the old world. But this seemingly complete disregard for world politics did not mean that the United States had no territorial ambitions of its own. On the contrary‚ for the latter half of the 19th century‚ the U.S. continued to expand. With the Louisiana
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The insanity defense and legality of those who were deemed insane was an important question in the nineteenth century. The question of insanity was contested because it had become a medical question in an age of rampant science. The English court formulated the most important legal definition of insanity‚ the right-or-wrong test. The high court in England ruled a defendant could be deemed insane if and only if‚ while committing the crime‚ he was “laboring under such a defect of reason‚ from disease
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In the 19th century the American government went through a dramatic revolution in democracy that profoundly changed the way of life for many ordinary citizens. The average American now had a voice and could impact his community and the country. Though Americans were free to vote‚ only those with all of the correct qualifications were allowed to vote. The structure of democracy was democratic in principle‚ but not in application. Despite their claim of equality‚ the founding fathers left us with
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In the late 19th century Russia was in a industrial standstill and its zeitgeist completely skewed compared to the evolution of the rest of the western world. This was mainly due to Russia being so big as well as having a much larger population than the rest of europe and having no government to match the sheer size of the masses. During the end of the 19th century into the 20th‚ the population of Russia was the fastest growing western nation‚ other than the U.S.‚ with their population more than
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Photographers in the 1970s and 1980s continued to grapple with the invasion of modernity affecting the land and everyday life. With progress‚ photographers’ paid homage to the romanticism of photography of the 19th century‚ yet showed the tensions that intersect between humanity and the natural environment. Photographers responded by using their camera to revel in the magnificence and power of machines‚ other photographers captured the inherent beauty and form found in nature and places not yet affected
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The nineteenth century has led to the creation of innovations that have had a significant impact on the current wellbeing of civilization such as antibiotics‚ the printing press‚ and the telegraph. Although these all pertain to the advancements of technology‚ steam engines have not only been considered an advancement to technology‚ but have changed the view of transportation entirely. Transportation rapidly became the focal point in all areas embodying civilization‚ including but not limited to‚
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