Crime is the action of an offence punishable by law and one can be prosecuted for it by the law enforcement‚ for example‚ robbery‚ fraud or killing someone. A crime is determined by the situation the events took place in. On the other hand Deviance is an action which opposes the authoritative group by causing uncomfortable behaviour which is not allowed‚ for example‚ when one wears clothes of the opposite sex or not wearing decent clothes in public. Deviance exists separating crime and difference
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What is crime? Crime is associated with behaviour that breaks the formal‚ written laws of a given society What is deviance? To deviate means to move away from set standards in society. Deviance then‚ is a much more general category than crime and is used by sociologists to refer to is different but not legally controlled. All crime is deviance‚ but not all deviance is crime. TOPIC 1 – FUNCTIONALIST‚ STRAIN AND SUBCULTURAL THEORIES Functionalist’s perspective Functionalists see society
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Marxist theory on poverty in Australia In this essay I will describing poverty and its incidence in the Australian context‚ I also will explain the Marxist theory and its fundamental characteristics analysing the two in relation to one and other. Researchers believe a line should be drawn‚ the problem of these measures is that they focus exclusively on income. But poverty is also defined through other indicators such as education‚ health‚ access to services and infrastructure‚ vulnerability
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Functionalist theories of crime: Durkheim‚ anomie‚ collective conscience; Merton’s strain theory; manifest and latent functions; functionalist subcultural theories * Marxist and neo-Marxist theories of crime: classical Marxism‚ laws reflecting class interests; Neo-Marxism‚ hegemony‚ the CCCS studies‚ critical and new criminology * Interactionist theories of crime: labelling theory‚ the self-fulfilling prophecy * Feminist theories of crime: patriarchy‚ male control of women’s lives *
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1) Physiological theories In his book L’Uomo Delinquente Cesare Lombroso argued that criminals were throwbacks to an earlier and more primitive form of human being. He said there were several characteristics‚ such as large jaws‚ extra fingers and monobrows which were clear signs that someone was a criminal. Lombroso said that we can easily identify who the criminals‚ so we should remove them from normal society and we can therefore remove any criminals. Evaluation Research has found that
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Sutton Marxist Theory‚ Summary Sutton believes studying Marxian Theory is a good way to explain how economics shape the legal system. Marx argues the institutional structure of capitalist society drives historical and legal change which further enforces the social relationships. Moreover‚ as the economic systems in the world change so do the legal system. Today‚ law favors the interests of the affluent and power elites. To understand how class conflict drives social change‚ which includes legal
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D Collica‚ K.‚ & Furst‚ G. (2012). Crime & Society. Retrieved from content.ashford.edu: https://content.ashford.edu/books/AUSOC305.12.1/sections/fm Harcourt‚ B Hashimoto‚ E. (2011). 101. "Class matters."‚ 31-75. The journal of criminal law and criminology. Monkkonen‚ Eric H. (1975). The dangerous class. Columbus‚ oh‚ Harvard university press.
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Functionalist theories of crime: Durkheim‚ anomie‚ collective conscience; Merton’s strain theory; manifest and latent functions; functionalist subcultural theories * Marxist and neo-Marxist theories of crime: classical Marxism‚ laws reflecting class interests; Neo-Marxism‚ hegemony‚ the CCCS studies‚ critical and new criminology * Interactionist theories of crime: labelling theory‚ the self-fulfilling prophecy * Feminist theories of crime: patriarchy‚ male control of women’s lives *
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Feminist Criminology It is obvious to most people that when it comes to committing crimes of pretty much every different kind‚ it is much more likely that you will find that a man was responsible than a woman. Because of this‚ the field of feminist criminology has developed to help improve outr understanding of why people commit crimes so that policy may be enacted in orderempowered to reduce the prevalence of those crimes. In the United States today‚ not only do women commit fewer crimes‚ but
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three different types of deviance. The strengths and limitations of the four theories will be highlighted. Marxists criticism of functionalist theory and the similarities and differences between both theories will be highlighted. Marxist theory is based on conflict contrary to functionalism that is based on consensus. Marxist explained that
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