Introduction to Psychological Theories. Portfolio Questions. Behaviourism. 1. Briefly describe Pavlov’s theory of classical conditioning (use the UCS‚ UCR‚ CS‚ and CR). Pavlov found a method of learning by association with stimuli‚ called classical conditioning and observed dog ‘s behaviour. Pavlov’s demonstrates that dog start to salivate when the food has been offered. Then he resolved that stimuli could be conditioned to obtain conditioned responses. Further he pursued his research
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as an attachment to the appropriate drop box. 1. How has clinical psychology contributed to andragogy? Clinical psychology made a major contribution to andragogy. Psychotherapists such as Sigmund Freud‚ Carl Jung‚ Erik Erickson‚ Abraham Maslow‚ and Carl Rogers provided great insight for andragogy. Clinical psychology is used primarily with adults who wish to change or relearn how to live in a particular area of their lives or a as a whole. Freud‚ the greatest contributor‚ identified that the subconscious
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psychotherapy‚ and the psychologists behind the different types. This chapter shows the different ways to treat people‚ and how the profession has developed over the years. The four psychologists that the chapter focuses on are Sigmund Freud‚ Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow‚ B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov‚ and Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis. The first psychologist that made an impact is Sigmund Freud with this psychoanalysis theory. Freud believed that people were motivated by their id‚ ego‚ and superego. According
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to its core belief in the basic goodness present in and respect for humanity. Its core is founded upon existential psychology‚ or the realization and understanding of one’s existence and social responsibility. The two psychologists‚ Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow initiated the movement with this new perspective on understanding people’s personality and improving their overall life satisfaction. When war broke out in the 1960s‚ the world felt compelled to better understand the nature of humanity. Humanistic
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Trident University International PSY101 – Introduction to Psychology Module 1- Case Assignment Introduction A discipline that seeks to analyze the mind‚ psychology studies why people behave‚ feel and think the way they do. Also while there are many ways to approach understanding the mind‚ some psychologists focus on how the human mind develops while others routinely counsel patients to help improve their lives. We will examine a few famous psychologists and the disciplines they developed.
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Theoretical Framework There are many theories about self esteem. These include Maslow’s Theory of needs‚ Carl Rogers Theory of personal development and Bednar and Perterson’s Theory of self esteem among others. However‚ this study will use Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to investigate the effects of self esteem on academic performance. According to Maslow people are motivated to seek personal goals that make their lives rewarding and meaningful. The law contends that human beings have wants and rarely
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THEORY OF PERSONALITY Abstract: Personality has been studied in regards to various psychological approaches including psychoanalytical theories‚ learning theories‚ dispositional theories and humanistic psychology theories among others. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) developed theories of personality from a humanistic psychological standpoint. His holistic-dynamic theory of personality advocates that individuals require the fulfillment of certain fundamental needs in order to develop their personality
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INTRODUCTION: Carl Ransom Rogers (1902 – 1987) was amongst the most influential figures of humanistic psychology‚ a school of psychotherapy that rejected medical and psychoanalytic models of treatment‚ and instead put forth a theory of personality and behaviour that presumed the source of psychological health ultimately resides in the individual person rather than in a programme based on the expert knowledge and authority of a psychiatric professional. Rogers’ specific form of humanistic psychology
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sychologists have proposed various theories of personality to attempt to explain similarities and provide reasons for differences in personalities. The following approaches - psychoanalytic‚ humanistic‚ social learning‚ type and trait theories of personality will be outlined highlighting both the strengths and weaknesses for each theory. Sigmund Freud was the main proponent of Psychoanalytic Theory but neo-Freudians such as Jung‚ Adler‚ Erikson and Horney are also major contributors. Freud believed
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Rodgers developed what is probably the most commonly used method of counselling and active listening in the health‚ social care and education fields. It adopts the humanistic pre-concepts of adaptive developments as encapsulated in Maslows Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow‚ 1970)‚ which holds that human development always strives towards becoming all that one can be. Rodger’s client centred therapy is based on the principle that the therapy is non – directive – that the relationship is one of equals‚ that
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