Humanistic Theories of Learning: I. Introduction Humanism‚ a paradigm that emerged in the 1960s‚ focuses on the human freedom‚ dignity‚ and potential. A central assumption of humanism is that people act with intentionality and values. Humanism would concentrate upon the development of the child ’s self-concept. If the child feels good about him or herself then that is a positive start. Feeling good about oneself would involve an understanding of ones ’ strengths and weaknesses‚ and a
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Carl Rogers (1902-1987) was ‘the most influential psychologist in American history’ (Kirshenbaum‚ 1989:11). Since the study of personality began‚ personality theorists have offered a wide assortment of explanations about behaviour and about what constructs a person. Carl Rogers was the main originator of the ‘person centred’ approach‚ also referred to as the ‘nondirective’ or ‘client centred’ approach. This essay will offer a brief description about some of the main concepts in Carl Rogers’ person
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References: Aubrey R. (2010) Managing your Aspirations: Developing personal Enterprise in the Global Workplace: McGrawHill Gardner H Maslow A. (1943) A Theory of Human Motivation: Psychological Review 50th Edition p838 Merriam S.B.‚ & Caffarella R.S Swanson‚ R. A. (1994). Analysis for improving performance: Tools for diagnosing organizations and documenting workplace expertise. San Francisco:
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Culture Culture is the characteristics of a particular group of people‚ defined by everything from language‚ religion‚ cuisine‚ social habits‚ music and arts. Culture is something that is learned and is passed on from generation to generation. According to Damen‚ L. (1987). Culture Learning: The Fifth Dimension on the Language Classroom. Reading‚ MA: Addison-Wesley. "Culture: learned and shared human patterns or models for living; day- to-day living patterns. these patterns and models pervade all
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Carl Rogers person centred approach to counselling This essay will evaluate the necessity and importance of the development of the core conditions in the humanistic counselling process and critically analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the person-centred approach in the counselling process. “The Person-Centred Approach focuses on the clients own best authority as it is based on the client’s personal experience in his or her own life here and now. It shows the client as someone who has the
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underwent self-definition or what today is called self-actualization: <br> <br>In 1954 an American psychologist Abraham Maslow proposed that all people are motivated to fulfill a hierarchical pyramid of needs. At the bottom of Maslow’s pyramid are needs essential to survival‚ such as the needs for food‚ water‚ and sleep. The need for safety follows these physiological needs. According to Maslow‚ higher-level needs become important to us only after our more basic needs are satisfied. These higher needs include
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1 Factors Influences Consumer Behaviour Cultural‚ social and personal factors are always considered to be the major forces influencing consumers’ buying behaviour (Kotler and Keller‚ 2006). An understanding of such factors helps businesses at tailoring products that meet consumers’ needs and wants. Among important influences on consumer buying behaviour (culture‚ subculture‚ and social class) ‘’culture is the fundamental determinant of a person’s wants and behaviour’’ (Kotler and Keller‚ 2006
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self: appearance‚ function and ability 3. Self-Esteem - personal opinion and self-worth 4. Role in Society - assumed expected behavior Factors Affecting Self - Concept MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS Original 1940s version by Maslow 1990s Adapted Version 1940s MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDS (MHoN) 1. Biological and Physiological needs – air‚ food‚ drink‚ shelter‚ warmth‚ sex‚ sleep‚ etc. 2. Safety needs - protection from elements‚ security‚ order‚ law‚ limits‚ stability‚ etc. 3. Belongingness
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ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 1. What is Organizational Behavior. Define and explain how it is used in the organizational. * Organizations are social systems. If one wishes to work in them or to manage them‚ it is necessary to understand how they operate. Organizations combine science and people –technology and humanity. Unless we have qualified people to design and implement‚ techniques alone will not produce desirable results. Human behavior in organizations is rather unpredictable. It is unpredictable
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Introduction With the advent of the era of knowledge economy‚ knowledge has replaced physical capital as the most important factor of production. As the bearers and owners of knowledge‚ the knowledge workers are increasingly becoming critical and core business development resources. Therefore‚ their motivation has become a problem in many knowledge-based enterprises focus. Enterprises should be based on the actual situation‚ integrating the use of vary incentives‚ with encouraging approaches and
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