Talking Energy Meter The purpose of this project is to build a KWH (Kilo Watt Hour) meter that can alert the users with voice messages. An Energy meter or KWH meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a residence‚ business or machine. Electricity is a clean‚ convenient way to deliver energy. The electricity meter is how electricity providers measure billable services. The most common type of meter measures kilowatt-hours. When used in electricity
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Example 1 Nozzle Flow - Steam Steam at 1.5 bar and 150 deg C enters a nozzle at 10 m/s and exits at 1 bar. Assuming the flow is reversible and adiabatic‚ determine the exit temperature and velocity. If the exit nozzle area is 0.001 m2‚ evaluate the mass flow rate of the steam through the nozzle. P1 = 1.5 bar T1 = 90 deg C V1 = 10 m/s A2 = 0.001 m2 P2 =1 bar T2 = ? V2 = ? mdot = ? V2 = sqrt(V1*V1+2*(h1-h2)) mdot = rho*A2*V2 = A2*V2/v2 T2 382.60 m/s 0.22 kg/s 111.81 degC Superheated
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Properties Gas / Air flow rate = 1000 kg/h OR 0 m3/h = 0.2778 kg/s = 0 m3/s Gas pressure at entry = 1.0000 atm Gas temperature at entry = 30.00 oC = 303.00 oK Gas / Air mol weight = 29 Component to be scrubbed Component Name = HCL Vap Component flow rate = 70 Kg/h % comp.
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two major purposes: (1) the pressure reduction from the condenser to evaporator pressure and (2) the regulation of refrigerant flow into the evaporator. These expansion devices can be generally classified into two types which are namely the fixed opening type (flow area is fixed) and the variable opening type (flow area changes correspondingly with a change in mass flow rates). There are about seven basic types of expansion devices for a refrigerant in a refrigeration system. These include capillary
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IMPLEMENTATION USING ARM FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION Automatic meter reading is the technology of automatically collecting consumption‚ diagnostic‚ and status data from water meter or energy metering devices (gas‚ electric) and transferring that data to a central database for billing‚ troubleshooting‚ and analyzing. This technology mainly saves utility providers the expense of periodic trips to each physical location to read a meter. Another advantage is that billing can be based on near real-time
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1949) How a Cover Meter Works? The change of inductance of an iron cored inductor known as ‘search unit’ due to the proximity of the reinforcing bar is used to measure the ‘cover’. The search unit is moved on the surface of the concrete and rotated till the maximum deflection is seen on the indicator. The meter is calibrated with the concrete block and thereafter the search unit is used to find the position of the reinforcement in structures. (Rao‚ 1949) Importance of Cover Meter in the Industry
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form of conserved quantity (Φ) in the chemical engineering system is given below Rate of input of Φ - Rate of output of Φ + Rate of generation of Φ = Rate of accumulation of Φ Rate of input of Φ or rate of output of Φ = mass flow rate or mole flow rate or volumetric flow rate Rate of generation of Φ = generation rate or depletion rate per unit volume (r) x volume of the system Depletion rate = - generation rate Where r is rate of reaction Rate of accumulation of Φ = the time rate of change
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conserved quantity. Since‚ mass‚ energy‚ momentum are conserved under respective condition‚ a variety of physical phenomena may be describe using continuity equations. By using first law of thermodynamics‚ energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only transfer by continuous flow. Total continuity equation (TCE)‚ component continuity equation(CCE) and energy equation(EE) is applied to do mathematical model. Total continuity equation is the principle of the conservation of mass when applied to a dynamic
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Impact Of a Jet Introduction: Over the years‚ engineers have found many ways to utilize the force that can be imparted by a jet of fluid on a surface diverting the flow. For example‚ the pelt on wheel has been used to make flour. Further more‚ the impulse turbine is still used in the first and sometimes in the second stages of steam turbine. Firemen make use of the kinetic energy stored in a jet to deliver water above the level in the nozzle to extinguish fires in high-rise buildings
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Chapter 5 MASS AND ENERGY ANALYSIS OF CONTROL VOLUMES Conservation of Mass 5-1C Mass‚ energy‚ momentum‚ and electric charge are conserved‚ and volume and entropy are not conserved during a process. 5-2C Mass flow rate is the amount of mass flowing through a cross-section per unit time whereas the volume flow rate is the amount of volume flowing through a cross-section per unit time. 5-3C The amount of mass or energy entering a control volume does not have to be equal to the amount of mass or energy
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