Chapter 5 MASS AND ENERGY ANALYSIS OF CONTROL VOLUMES Conservation of Mass 5-1C Mass‚ energy‚ momentum‚ and electric charge are conserved‚ and volume and entropy are not conserved during a process. 5-2C Mass flow rate is the amount of mass flowing through a cross-section per unit time whereas the volume flow rate is the amount of volume flowing through a cross-section per unit time. 5-3C The amount of mass or energy entering a control volume does not have to be equal to the amount of mass or energy
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Chapter 4 Fundamentals of Material Balances Material Balance-Part 1 Process Classification 3 type of chemical processes: 1. Batch process – Feed is charge to the process and product is removed when the process is completed – No mass is fed or removed from the process during the operation – Used for small scale production – Operate in unsteady state March 31‚ 2009 ChE 201/shoukat@buet.ac.bd 2 Process Classification 2. Continuous process – Input and output is continuously
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chemical engineering system is given below Rate of input of Φ - Rate of output of Φ + Rate of generation of Φ = Rate of accumulation of Φ Rate of input of Φ or rate of output of Φ = mass flow rate or mole flow rate or volumetric flow rate Rate of generation of Φ = generation rate or depletion rate per unit volume (r) x volume of the system Depletion rate = - generation rate Where r is rate of reaction Rate of accumulation of Φ = the time rate of change of that particular quantity within
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Figure 9 Contour of P at 80% Span Figure 10 Velocity Vectors at 20% Span Figure 11 Velocity Vectors at 50% Span Figure 12 Velocity Vectors at 80% Span 11. Meridional Plots Figure 13 Contour of Mass Averaged Pt on Meridional Surface Figure 14 Contour of Mass Averaged C on Meridional Surface Figure 15 Vector of Area Averaged Cm on Meridional Surface 12. Circumferential Plots Figure 16 Contour of Pt at Blade LE Figure 17 Contour of C at Blade LE Figure
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monomer‚ polymer‚ and initiator. This reaction is a multistep radical reaction that includes initiation‚ propagation‚ and termination (Eq.B.1 through Eq.B.5). Figure A.1 shows a process that produces 1000 kg/hr of polystyrene in an isothermal plug flow reactor at a styrene conversion of lower than 80%. Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator is fed into the reactor at a concentration of 0.022 mol/L. The stream exiting the reactor is fed into an evaporator that perfectly separates unreacted styrene
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two major purposes: (1) the pressure reduction from the condenser to evaporator pressure and (2) the regulation of refrigerant flow into the evaporator. These expansion devices can be generally classified into two types which are namely the fixed opening type (flow area is fixed) and the variable opening type (flow area changes correspondingly with a change in mass flow rates). There are about seven basic types of expansion devices for a refrigerant in a refrigeration system. These include capillary
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Impact Of a Jet Introduction: Over the years‚ engineers have found many ways to utilize the force that can be imparted by a jet of fluid on a surface diverting the flow. For example‚ the pelt on wheel has been used to make flour. Further more‚ the impulse turbine is still used in the first and sometimes in the second stages of steam turbine. Firemen make use of the kinetic energy stored in a jet to deliver water above the level in the nozzle to extinguish fires in high-rise buildings
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higher measurement of flow rate compare to vegetable seeds. This result was reliable since the granular diameter of sugar was lower than vegetable seeds thus resulting a lower time consumed by coarse sugar to pass through hopper. However‚ as the orifice size was decreased‚ the flow rate was also decrease for both coarse sugar and vegetables seeds. The results of mass flow rate of experiment was quite tally with the mass of flow rate of equation. It shows decrement of flow rate as the orifice size decreases
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PRODUCTION OF POTASSIUM CARBONATE FROM COCOA HUSK ASH A Process Engineering Project Report Presented to the Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering College of Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology‚ Kumasi By AMANING OSEI EMMANUEL ATTIPOE EDEM KODZO BOAKYE KWAME JUWAH CHUKWUJINDU AWELE OMENOGOR ANWULI ROSEMARY in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the course Process Engineering Project April 2013. TABLE
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Senior Lecturer‚ Saimaa UAS Mr Tapio Tirri‚ Director‚ MUAS FiberLaboratory Mr Jari Käyhkö‚ Research Director‚ MUAS FiberLaboratory The purpose of the research was to develop new foils model for headbox screen on higher consistency level of the feed flow than foil that is used today with target feed/accept consistency being approximately 2.0%. However‚ energy consumption and pulsation level should be in same range as today’s foil type has. The study was commissioned by Andritz. The study was carried
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