Electronic payment systems overview of basic concepts credit-card based systems (MOTO‚ SSL‚ SET) electronic cash systems (DigiCash) micropayment schemes (PayWord‚ probabilistic schemes) Overview of basic concepts brief history of money traditional forms of payment – cash – payment through bank – payment cards Overview of basic concepts electronic payment systems – security requirements – basic classification © Levente Buttyán 2 1 A brief history of money barter
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Mathematical ideas are often divided into two types‚ those that are continuous‚ and those that are discrete. An example of continuous is the number line. Between any two points‚ there are always more points. For discrete sets‚ this is not true. For instance‚ in baseball there are four bases. If you get a hit it is either a one-base hit (what we call a single)‚ a two-base hit‚ a three-base hit‚ or a home run. There is no such thing as a 2 1/2 base hit. Discrete things are found
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INTRODUCTION Statistics and mathematics are everything to economics. infact statistics and Mathematics‚ the economic field wouldn’t even exist. Economist need statistics to represent data‚ to track and store information‚ to identify trends‚ to attribute value and mathematics to calculate those figures.The way to look at the relationship between statistics and economics is that economics is essentially the study of human decisions and trends‚ and how these have a financial impact. Economists
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The Evolution of Mathematics of Celestial Motion Through Aristotle’s crystalline spheres‚ the Copernican Revolution‚ and Newton’s understanding of Kepler’s laws of planetary motion; it becomes clear that mathematics was the driving force that guided us through the evolution of celestial motion. One of the first to theorize the motion of both terrestrial and celestial bodies was Aristotle around 330BCE. To this philosopher‚ the universe had always been eternally geocentric. On Earth the concept
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Connections between Mathematics and Blackjack Using the idea of probability to describe the outcomes of real life phenomena has been an invaluable tool for many different fields. The concern of the present discussion is blackjack. Though to some a seemingly trivial topic‚ the use of probabilistic strategies in blackjack and other gambling games has earned many players a fair amount of reward (Thompson‚ 2009). Indeed‚ some of the earliest applications of probability were motivated by gambling games
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In the 21st century‚ it is normal for people use different forms of art to relate and connect to real world events and issues. These forms of art include music‚ literature of various types; poetry‚ plays‚ books‚ etc.‚ and literal art (paintings‚ drawings‚ etc.). For example‚ the artist Childish Gambino‚ otherwise known as Donald Glover‚ recently released a song and music video called “This is America‚” that expressed his feelings toward what he thinks America has become. The video depicts shootings
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measurement‚ and see mathematics as an exciting and practical element of the curriculum. They develop their knowledge‚ skills and understanding through a balance of wholeclass activity. This involves‚ for example‚ counting‚ direct teaching‚ problem solving in groups and independent work‚ where children apply and practise their learning. A mix of mental‚ practical and informal written work engages and motivates children and fosters purposeful attitudes to mathematics. Home–school mathematics links are an
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NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 MATHEMATICS P1 NOVEMBER 2008 MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 10 pages‚ an information sheet and 2 diagram sheets. Copyright reserved Please turn over Mathematics/P1 2 NSC DoE/November 2008 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION Read the following instructions carefully before answering the questions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. This question paper consists of 11 questions. Answer ALL the questions. Clearly show ALL calculations
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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION FIJI SCHOOL LEAVING CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION 2013 MATHEMATICS Time Allowed: Three Hours (An extra ten minutes is allowed for reading this paper.) INSTRUCTIONS 1. Write all your answers in the Answer Book provided. 2. Write your Index Number on the front page and inside the back flap of the Answer Book. 3. If you need more paper‚ ask the supervisor for extra sheets. Tie these sheets inside the Answer Book at the appropriate places. 4. You may use a calculator‚ provided
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Name___________________________________ Liberal Arts Math Practice Final B Prof Tim Siniscalchi MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Determine whether the set is well defined. 1) The set of five countries in Europe having the smallest population A) well defined B) not well defined 1) TRUE/FALSE. Wri
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