concentrations for nitrogen to phosphorous used were 0 (control)‚ 32:1‚ 16:1‚ and 8:1. The liquids were measured out using micropipettes so that 4 mL total made up a sample. The tubes were labeled at the top end and capped tightly. The samples were mixed gently before undergoing readings by the spectrophotometer. The spectrophotometer measured for absorbance‚ which was used to calculate initial cell density. The caps on each of the samples were then loosened to allow movement of gas in and out of
Premium Plant Eutrophication Photosynthesis
------------------------------------------------- Liquid–liquid extraction From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Liquid–liquid extraction also known as solvent extraction and partitioning‚ is a method to separate compounds based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids‚ usually water and an organic solvent. It is an extraction of a substance from one liquid into another liquid phase. Liquid–liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories‚ where it is performed
Premium Acetic acid Solubility Solvent
Roy Levin Bio 11 Lab Dr.Izquierdo Analysis of Macromolecules in Tissue Homogenates of Bos taurusMaterials and Methods The homogenates provided were made by homogenizing tissues in a sucrose phosphate buffer in a 1:20 ratio. The protein concentration in bovine cells was measured by diluting the homogenate with a 1:5 ratio; 50 microliters of homogenate and 200 microliters of water. Then 5 known protein concentration samples which were 0.4‚ 0.8‚ 1.2‚ 1.6‚ 2.0 mg/ml of bovine serum were used to
Premium Glycerol Glucose Liver
EXPERIMENT I Photoreduction of Benzophenone Introduction The study of chemical reactions‚ isomerizations and physical behavior that may occur under the influence of visible and/or ultraviolet light is called Photochemistry. The fundamental principles for understanding photochemical transformations are that light must be absorbed by a compound in order for a photochemical reaction to take place‚ and that for each photon of light absorbed by a chemical system only one molecule is activated for
Premium Oxygen Sunlight Electromagnetic radiation
Individual solid particles are characterised by their size‚ shape‚ and density. 1.1 Particle shape The shape of an individual particle is expressed in terms of the sphericity F s‚ which is independent of particle size. The sphericity of a particle is the ratio of the surface-volume ratio of a sphere with equal volume as the particle and the surface-volume ratio of the particle. For a spherical particle of diameter D p‚ F s =1; for a non-spherical particle‚ the sphericity is defined as Dp:
Premium Arithmetic mean Volume Area
I. Objective: The objective of this experiment is to determine the mass percent of iron in an iron compound using a spectrophotometer. From there‚ determine which iron compounds are in the stock room bottles based off of the experimental mass percent results. II. Introduction: The objective is to determine the mass percent of iron in an iron compound using a spectrophotometer. From there‚ determine which iron compounds are in the stock room bottles based off of the experimental mass percent results
Premium Chemistry Hydrogen Water
unknown solid that was given out randomly. Physical tests‚ solubility test‚ characteristic tests‚ NMR spectrums‚ and IR spectrums were all utilized to distinguish the identity of the solid. These assessments and a couple additional tests will be utilized again to determine the unknown liquid that was given to us in class. The other characteristics that will be looked at will be the boiling point‚ refracted index‚ and the density of the liquid. Methods / Data The physical properties of the liquid unknown
Premium Chemistry Water Chemical substance
Abstract: The Enzyme Lab results where when the liver was frozen‚ its reaction was fast‚ and when it was hot‚ it was slow‚ and the liver that was at room temperature reacted slowly to medium. Introduction: The Enzyme Lab is to conduct investigations to determine the most favorable conditions for the most efficient enzyme activity. Variables to be used testing include temperature‚ pH values and surface area. Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions‚ which would otherwise
Premium Enzyme Chemical reaction Chemistry
Percent Yield Aim To determine the limiting reagent between the reaction of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide. To determine the percent yield of lead (II) iodide. Date Started: 13/4/12. Finished: 19/4/12. Data collection and processing Measurements: * Amount of distilled water: 75.0ml ± 0.5ml. * Mass of watch glass: 31.65g ± 0.01g. * Mass of watch glass + potassium iodide: 32.45g ± 0.01g. * Mass of potassium iodide: 0.8g ± 0.02g. * Mass of watch glass + lead (II) nitrate:
Premium Stoichiometry Yield Molecule
LSM1102 Lab Report Introduction Transformation is a process which involves plasmid DNA being bound to the cell surface and the subsequent uptake of DNA by the cell (Panja et al.‚ 2008). For artificial transformation of E. coli cells with plasmids‚ plasmid DNA has to be extracted from bacterial cells using the High-Speed Plasmid Mini Kit‚ which is then mixed with competent E. coli cells followed by heat shock and the streaking of transformed cells on two different types of agar plate (LB and LB+ampicillin)
Premium Plasmid Transformation Escherichia coli