temperature on cell membranes Independent variable: Temperature of beetroot Dependent variable: Absorbency of light Hypothesis: As temperature rises to its optimum temperature‚ the absorbency of light will increase because protein is an enzyme and will therefore be affected by temperature. This is because more beetroot dye will pass through the cell membrane and then into the distilled water. The deeper the colour of the beetroot dye‚ the higher the absorbency of light. Beetroot vacuoles have red
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EXPERIMENT 1: REACTIONS OF ENOLATE IONS WITH CARBONYL GROUPS Aims In this experiment we used two techniques for the reactions of enolate ions with carbonyl groups. One technique used was Doebner reaction and the other technique used was Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Therefore the aim of this experiment is to synthesize trans p-methoxycinnamic acid and to synthesize dibenzalacetone via an aldol condensation reaction between acetone and benzaldehyde. The products would be recrystallized using ethanol
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Lab report OSMOSIS TROUGH A SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE Introduction: Molecules have kinetic energy. This causes the molecules of the cell to move around and bump into each other. Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion where water moves through a selectively permeable membrane (a membrane that only allows certain molecules to diffuse though). Diffusion or osmosis occurs until dynamic equilibrium has been reached. This is the point where the concentrations in both areas are equal and no
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Peer Pressure has been very controversial topic over the years. Today‚ the media has transformed the issue into a topic that is discussed every day. Many people are sometimes misinformed about topics because the media twist facts enough to make anyone believe what they tell them. The media has gotten the public to believe that peer pressure is all bad and only certain people deal with it‚ but peer pressure can be used positively or negatively depending on the situation. Peer pressure is when a person
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Pressure to Abuse Drugs Among many forms of peer pressure imposed upon teens‚ pressure to abuse drugs may be the most prevalent in society. In fact‚ peer pressure has been found to be among thestrongest influences of drug use during adolescence.[1] One may feel that if they abuse drugs‚ they will automatically be accepted by their peers. Teens might tell themselves they will only try a drug once‚ but many find themselves under continual peer pressure to continue to experiment with drugs and ‘join
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Membrane Functions: Aim: To demonstrate the process of osmosis using a chicken’s egg Hypothesis: I predict that the egg’s mass after 10 min. in the 5% salt solution would increase due to and balancing out the solution. In the 10% salt solution‚ the egg’s mass would decrease since there is a high amount of salt. In the dilute water solution‚ the egg’s mass will increase‚ as the membrane would take in that water. Materials: 1- One fresh egg 2- One plastic spoon 3- One plastic fork
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Experiment 2: IDENTIFICATION OF UNKNOWNS BY TLC AND MP IN COMBINATION Introduction: Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is one of the most valuable techniques in organic chemistry. This is a best method of separating and identifying mixtures of two or more compounds. The separation is accomplished by the distribution of the mixture between two phases: one that is stationary and one that is moving or mobile. Chromatography works on the principle that different compounds will have different
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Harmful Effects of Peer Pressure Peer pressure is found and seen every where from real life such as the school hallways or campus to movies‚ TV‚ and books. All teenagers experience peer pressure throughout their years as being a teen and often even after. The pressure caused by peers can be many different things including underage drinking‚ smoking‚ sexual intercourse and who they hang out with. "Internationally‚ as well as here in the UK‚ the concept of ’peer pressure ’ is widely used in analyzing
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Title: The effect on temperature on beet cell membranes. Introduction A cell membrane or plasma membrane is very important in protecting cells. A cell membrane is a thin layer that protects the cells. The membrane is filled with lipids and proteins. The cell membrane protects the cell from ions and molecules that enter and exit the cells. I hypothesize that at -5 degrees Celsius‚ the color intensity will be a 1. I hypothesize that at 5 degrees Celsius‚ the color intensity will be a 2
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MOVEMENT ACROSS MEMBRANES Intracellular fluid Extracellular fluid Pond water Blood plasma K+ A- ClNa+ Cl+ K+ Na+ Cl- Na+ Na+ Gill epithelial cell Intestinal epithelial cells Cl- Cell membrane Anionic proteins (a) Ion concentration inside a single animal cell (b) Ion concentration across gill epithelium of a freshwater fish Blood capillary Intestinal lumen Glucose from meal Cross section of small intestine (c) Glucose transport across intestinal epithelium into
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