Hammurabi (died c. 1750 BCE) * Confucius (551-479 BCE) * Socrates (470-399 BCE) * Mozi (470-390 BCE) * Xenophon (427-355 BCE) * Plato (427-347 BCE) * Diogenes of Sinope (412-323 BCE) * Aeschines (389-314 BCE) * Aristotle (384-322 BCE) * Mencius (372-289 BCE) * Chanakya (350-283 BCE) * Xun Zi (310-237 BCE) * Thiruvalluvar (c. 200 BCE-c. 30 BCE) * Han Feizi (?-233 BCE) * Cicero (106-43 BCE) * Pliny the Younger (63-113 CE) * Saint Augustine (354-430 CE) * Muhammad al-Shaybani (749-805)
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The Mandate of Heaven (Chinese: 天命; pinyin: Tiānmìng) is a traditional Chinese philosophical concept concerning the legitimacy of rulers. It is similar to the European concept of the divine right of kings‚ in that both sought to legitimize rule from divine approval; however‚ unlike the divine right of kings‚ the Mandate of Heaven is predicated on the conduct of the ruler in question. The Mandate of Heaven postulates that heaven (天; Tian) would bless the authority of a just ruler‚ as defined by the
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Confucianism From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Confucianism History[show] Fundamental concepts[show] Confucianism by country[show] Confucian texts[show] Organisation[show] Portal Confucianism v t e This article contains Chinese text.Without proper rendering support‚ you may see question marks‚ boxes‚ or other symbols instead ofChinese characters. Temple of Confucius of Jiangyin‚Wuxi‚ Jiangsu. This is a wénmiào(文庙)‚ that is to say a temple whereConfucius is worshiped as Wéndì(文帝)‚ "Culture
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1. In what major ways did Confucian philosophy manifest itself in Chinese society during the Ming and/or Qing dynasties? It is clear from examining the philosophical thought and social trends during both the Qing and Ming dynasties that Confucian thought and ideology had a profound effect on Chinese society and moral values during that period. Confucian philosophy is an ethical and philosophical thinking system thought to have been developed from the teachings of Kong Fuzi‚ known as Confucius who
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The basic conception of Confucius’ philosophy is ren‚ i.e.‚ humanity‚ while humanity is at the same time the leitmotiv of our epoch. This accounts for why the Confucian idea is so close to contemporary readers and why his teaching principles and methods have maintained vitality throughout history. Confucius explained humanity as ’to love the people‚’ or ’to love the masses extensively.’ This led him to provide equal opportunities in education and to carry out teaching activities in dialogue with
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More than anybody else‚ Aristotle enshrines happiness as a central purpose of human life and a goal in itself. As a result he devotes more space to the topic of happiness than any thinker prior to the modern era. Living during the same period as Mencius‚ but on the other side of the world‚ he draws some similar conclusions. That is‚ happiness depends on the cultivation of virtue‚ though his virtues are somewhat more individualistic than the essentially social virtues of the Confucians. Yet as we
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14 What are the defining features of intellectual life in the Tang dynasty? How did intellectual life change as the dynasty progressed? Period of Brilliance Tang dynasty ruled 618 to 907; Chinese influence spread China experienced period of brilliance‚ prosperity‚ cultural achievement Government‚ other institutions served as models across East Asia Civil Service To obtain talented officials‚ Tang expanded civil service examination system People had to pass written exams to work
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Here is a short biography of the author‚ Jonathan Fenby (born 11 November 1942). He was a co-founder of Trusted Sources in 2006 and was a managing director in China research. His wealth knowledge of China research made him specialist in Chinese politics‚ policy interpretation and broader political economy of China. He was formerly editor of The South China Morning Post from year 1995 to 2000‚ The Economist‚ Reuters World Service and The Observer. Besides that‚ he was also the author of 8 books on
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REL/133 NOTES CHAPTER 1 agnosticism: “Not know” (Greek); a position asserting that the existence of God cannot be proven. animism: From the Latin anima‚ meaning “spirit‚” “soul‚” “life force”; a worldview common among oral religions (religions with no written scriptures) that sees all elements of nature as being filled with spirit or spirits. atheism: “Not God” (Greek); a position asserting that there is no God or gods. deconstruction: A technique‚ pioneered by Jacques Derrida
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Confucius ________________________________________ The Life of Confucius Of all eastern philosophers‚ Confucius‚ born in 550 B.C.‚ is considered the greatest. His teachings are foundational to Asian cultures. His writings‚ The Five Classics‚ the collection of ancient Chinese literature‚ and The Four Books‚ a collection of Confucius ’ and his disciple ’s teachings‚ was for centuries the standard curriculum for Chinese education. Confucius ’ teachings and biography were written many years after
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