Explain the theoretical rationale for the NPV approach to investment appraisal and compare the strengths and weaknesses of the NPV approach to two other commonly used approaches. One of the key areas of long-term decision-making that firms must tackle is that of investment - the need to commit funds by purchasing land‚ buildings‚ machinery‚ etc.‚ in anticipation of being able to earn an income greater than the funds committed. In order to handle these decisions‚ firms have to make an assessment
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Merck & Co.‚ Inc. and GlaxoSmithKline plc October 20‚ 2014 Concepts A. Common Stock i. Authorized – 5‚ 400‚000‚000 shares ii. Common stock issued – 2‚983‚508‚675 shares iii. In 2007‚ Merck issued 2‚983‚508‚675 shares (one cent par value) Total dollar value: 2‚983‚508‚675*0.01=29‚835‚086.75 iv. Common shares held in treasury – 811‚005‚791 v. Common shares outstanding – 2‚172‚502‚884 (shares issued – treasury shares) vi. December 31‚ 2007 market cap - $125‚157‚891‚147
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Matthews‚ Ph.D. February 10‚ 2004 Applying Ethics to the Merck Case The purpose of my essay is to show whether the business decisions made by the management team of Merck pharmaceutical are ethical. Using corporate assets for charitable purposes‚ the company manufactures and distributes a drug called Mectizan at no charge to impoverished nations and their inhabitants. I will expound on three ethical theories and then analyze the Merck case according to each theory‚ summarizing how the authors
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Pepcid Case Analysis 1. Why does Merck want to switch Pepcid to OTC status when the patent is good for another six years? How attractive is this opportunity? Over-the-counter market growth is attractive to pharmaceutical companies like P&G who successfully changed Aleve from prescription strength to OTC. Once the patent for Pepcid expires in six years there will inevitably be fierce competition. Since the FDA usually takes so long to process an approval for a prescription-to-OTC switch
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“After less than 11 hours of deliberation‚ a Texas jury yesterday found Merck & Co. responsible for the death of a 59-year-old tri-athlete who was taking the company’s once-popular painkiller‚ Vioxx.” The man’s widow was awarded 253.4 million in damages. Merck was a leading pharmaceutical company established in 1981. They produced groundbreaking drugs during the late 1980’s and were considered one of the most ethical and profitable companies in the industry. However‚ Merck’s reputation started
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Lewent at Merck & Co.‚ Inc. Ways in which the Financial Area at Merck added value to the company beyond its typical work: * In the 80’s era there was no systematic planning model‚ that’s where Merck felt the need to develop theirs‚ i.e.‚ the research planning model. * They also came up with a simulation planning & hedging model‚ which was very effective as they kept on innovating it. * Merck had a well
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Prepare a critical evaluation of three basic methods of evaluating an investment (IRR‚ Payback and NPV). There are several basic methods of evaluating an investments that are commonly used by decision makers in both private corporations and public agencies. Each of these measures is intended to be an indicator of profit or net benefit for a project under consideration. Some of these measures indicate the size of the profit at a specific point in time; others give the rate of return per period when
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The internal rate of return (IRR) and the net present value (NPV) techniques are 2 investment decision tools that satisfy the 2 major criteria for the correct evaluation of capital projects. This criterion is that the techniques should incorporate the use of cash flows and the use of the time value of money. This makes them viable techniques for evaluating investment proposals. The Net Present Value is one of the techniques that are used by firms when evaluating which investment proposals to take
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What factors would you use to decide whether to do you NPV analysis on real or a nominal basis NPV analyses usually involves four steps such as forecasting the benefits and costs of a project in each year‚ determining a discount rate‚ using the NPV formula to calculate‚ and comparing the Net Present Value with other alternative projects. Comparing real (current) and nominal discount rates when conducting an analysis is all based on how detailed of an analysis you’re looking to obtain. Forecasting
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FRIDAY 08TH MARCH 2012 C38FN 2012-2013 CORPORATE FINANCIAL THEORY WORDCOUNT: 2874 Abstract This essay will discuss the net present value (NPV)‚ payback period (PBP) and internal rate of return (IRR) approaches for a project evaluation. It is often said that NPV is the best approach investment appraisal‚ which I why I will compare the strengths and weaknesses of NPV as well as the two others to se if the statement is actually true. Introduction To start of‚ the essay will attempt to explain the theoretical
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