The Book Before Gutenberg The earliest books were written on scrolls. From the Second Century A.D. to the present time‚ however; most books have been produced in the familiar format – in other words‚ bound (attached) at one edge. During the Middle Ages‚ manuscript books were produced by monks who worked with pen and ink in a copying room known as a scriptorium. Even a small book could take months to complete‚ and a book the size of the Bible could take several years… Source: www.hrc.utexas.edu/exhibitions/permanent/gutenberg/2a
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Middle Ages‚ Western Europe developed one of the most impressive and successful civilizations the world had yet seen. One might have thought it was a civilization destined to continue essentially unchanged for centuries. But that’s not what happened. In the 14th century‚ a series of disasters shook Western European civilization to its foundations‚ eventually forcing major changes in Europe. The first disaster to hit Europe was famine. Some of the agricultural success of the High Middle Ages had
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METRICAL ROMANCES OF THE MIDDLE AGES The very word ’romance’ conjures up to our mind visions of battlemented castles‚ of fair ladies pining in the enchanters’ castles and waiting for their brave knights to come to rescue them‚ of knights riding forth in search of gloriously impossible adventures.The Middle English romances were each a story of adventure‚fictitious and frequently marvellous or super-natural‚ of tender love making‚ of tournaments and cavalcades. While reading these romances‚ we see
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Edith Wharton in the novel‚ “ The Age of Innocence”‚ illustrates a young wealthy lawyer who degress from his life plans to marry May Welland by becoming infatuated with Countess Ellen Olenska‚ who has separated from her European husband. Eventually‚ Archer Newland and lady Olenska become devotedly in love with one another. The forbidden love is displayed as “innocence”; this so called innocence can be portrayed as young girl with lovely little pigtails that can not fulfill any harm‚ but in reality
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The Middle Ages was a time of rebirth for the Church. The Church had a growing amount of power‚ and used this power to get messages sent to its followers. One important message created an ever-growing distance between believes and nonbelievers of the Church. Throughout the Middle Ages there have been inconsistencies with the doctrines and actions of the Church. There is one constant within the Church‚ throughout the Middle Ages the Church has opposed outsiders and has mistreated those outsiders from
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Name: _________________________________ Class: __________ Date: _______________ The Age of Exploration Overview The Age of Exploration focuses on the European discovery and exploration of new lands from 1400 to 1800. During this time‚ Europeans learned about – and sometimes destroyed – other civilizations. Europeans colonized and spread their culture in the Americas. They also formed colonies in India‚ Africa‚ and Asia. The European explorers opened new trade routes and took over old ones
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It is evident that Newland Archer goes through a series of events that define his personality and from which we can deduct the truth. Archer finds redemption in his sons‚ love and pity coming from May. The biggest constant motif of The Age of Innocence is mortality and immortality. When Wharton first describes the characters of New York Society‚ they are always conceived of as immortal in some way. By saying this meaning that she portrays them as being like the mythological Greek antiquity‚ or
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The Viking age was a period of four hundred years (700 to 1100 AD) and was either part of the late Iron Age or Early Medieval Time. Back then there were no countries or huge kingdoms. The Scandinavian Peninsula was divided into a bunch of smaller kingdoms or realms‚ each with its own king or chief. There are three types of vikings. Merchants- History does not have much to say about merchants‚ but we knew they were trading iron and fur and were not alone and unarmed. As a matter of fact‚ they probably
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"In Europe and Asia‚ ’the age of the horse’ lasted from the classical times of Greece and Rome until the beginning of the 19th century."(1) This quote shows that horses have been used by mankind for centuries‚ and still are. Without horses‚ mankind may not be as developed as today. Not only did they help us win wars and work on farms‚ but they were a key factor in exploration and the industrial revolution. Horses have been around for some 50 million years!(2) The first type of horse was a small 4
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The first stone castles started in Greece and were the first castles ever made even before wooden castles. Stone castles were mostly built where an old wooden castle or village was at so they didn’t have to do any dirt work (The Age of Knights And Castles‚ 2011). Because stone castles were made out of stone they could only support tiny windows. The stone castles got very cold in the winter because the thick stone could never be fully warmed up by the sun. The only way the people
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